LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 



i|ap.L?r£;@iJiu|rtg'^t'I|a.. 



;iielf_.EA.W5- 



UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



^V/e'^hampel'^ Baltimore <^uide, 



THE STRANGER 



IN BALTIMORE. 




FOE SALE AT BOOKSTOEES AND NEWS STANDS. 



PRICE 25 CENTS, 



[ COPYRIGHT.] 



1900 
1800 
1700 
1600 
1500 
1400 
1:300 
1200 
>1100 
<dil000 
900 
800 
700 



North Av. 

Northwest. 

Presbury. 

Baker. 

Presstman. 

Lorraan. 

Patterson Av 

Winchester. 

Tenant. 

Mosher. 

Lafayette Av 

La n vale. 

Harlem Ave. 

EdmondsonA 

Franklin. 

Mulberry. 

Saratoga. 

Lexing'ton. 

Fayette. 



Streets running East and West. 
3000 First St., etc. 



2300 North Av. 

Gold. 
2100 Bloom. 
2000 Presstman. 
1900 Uobert. 
1800 Laurens. 
1700 Wilson. 
1000 McMechen. 
1.500 Mosher. 
1400 Townsend. 
1.300 Lanvale. 
1200 Doiphin. 
1100 Hoffman. 
1000 Preston. 
900 Biddle. 



1900 North Ave. 
11800 Townsend. 
11700 Lanvale. 
1(500 Federal. 
1 1500 Oliver. 
1100 Hoffman. 
WOO Preston. 
1200 Biddle. 
jllOO Cha«»e. 
1000 Eager. 
I 900 Road. 
■ ' 800 Madison. 
700 Monument. 
600 Center. 

Hamilton. 

500 Franklin. 

400 Mulberry. 

Pleasant. 

300 Saratoga. 

Barnet. 
200 Lexington. 
100 Fayette. 
Bank Lane. 



'1900 
1800 
1700 
1600 
ir)00 
1400 
1300 
1200 
1100 
1000 



Ij 

O : 

n 



h 



600 
800 

700 
600 
500 
400 
300 
200 
100 



NorthAve. 

Townsend. 

Lanvale. 

Federal. 

Oliver. 

Hoffman. 

Preston. 

Biddle. 

Chase. 

Eager. 

Barnes 

Abbot. 

Chew. 

Madison. 

Milliman, 

Monument. 

McElderry. 

Jefferson. 

Orleans. 

Mullikin. 

Favette. 

Fairmouot A 



West Baltimore St...,^ ^IT East Baltimore St. 



Frederick Av 

Holhns. 
100 Lombard. 
200 Pratt. 
300 McHenry. 
400 Ramsey. 
500 WilkensAv, 
600 Cole. 
700 Eagle. 



100 

200 
300 
400 
500 
600 
700 
800 
900 
U 1000 
1100 
1200 
1300 



tf2 



Lombard. 

Pratt. 

McHenry. 

Ramsey. 

ColumbiaAv, 

Paca. 

Ridgely. 

Barre. 

Lee. 

Hamburg. 

Cross. 

West. 

Stockholm. 



100 
200 
300 
400 
500 
600 
700 
800 
900 
1000 
1100 

iai200 
;i3co 

11400 
InOO 
IGOO 
1700 
l.SOO 
1900 



O! 



Lombard. 

Pratt. 

Camden. 

Conway. 

Barre. 

Lee 

Hill. 

Montgomory 

Henr ett.u 

Hamburg. 

Crtjss. 

West. 

Ostend. 

Clement, 

Fort Avo. 

Rand .,1. 

Heath. 

Barney. 

Wells. 



' 100 
200 
300 
400 
500 
600 
700 
800 
900 

1100 
1200 

i'.no 

1400 



Lombard. 

Pratt. 

Gough. 

Banks. 

Eastern Ave 

Canton Ave 

Aliceanna. 

Lancaster. 

Thames. 

Basin. 

Nicholson; 

Cuba. 

Bea'ann 

Clement, 



EXPLANATION.— Baltimore Street divnics the City iMo Norili and 
South. We give four of the leading Streets crossing it in difl'erent sections, 
ot show tho general plan. Going North or g"ing South, every cross Street 
counts froi 1 Baltimore Street. Thus, No. 500 means five squares from Bal- 
timore Stroet, and so on. 

(B^"See third page of cover for Streets running North and Sorth. 







WEISH AMPEL 






jNEVyj l 




pgiiliii 

IMONXJ MENTAL QT Yl 




For an accurate and handsome delineation of the plan of the 
City, with all the streets, parks and public places distinctly 
marked, get Weishampel's New Pocket Map of Baltimore, at any 
bookstore ; price 25 cts 



^ 

:^-^- 




'^■I 




FKONT ELEVATION OF ^ 




WASHINGTON MONUMENT. 



WEISHAMPEL'S BALTIMORE GUIDE. 



THE 



p.mp iq BaltimofE: 

A NEW HAND BOOK, 

Containing a General Description of Balthnore 
City and its Notable Localities, with other 
Information, Useful to both 
Strangers and Citizens, 



"Then Commerce brought into the public walk 
The busy merchant ; the big warehouse built ; 
liaised the strong crane ; choked up the loaded street 
With foreigh plenty. On either hand, 
Like a long wintry forest, groves of masts 
Shot up their spires, the bellying sheet between 
Possessed the breezy void ; the sooty hulk 
Steered.sluggish on ; the splendid barge alonff^--- 
Rowed regular, to harmony ; \. ■■ ,j' ' " 

While deep the various voice of fervent t<^l\ . { 
From bank to bank increased." . . IViA 

— Thomp^orw 





COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY 

John F. lAfBi^hampel, printef and Boo^^bIIb?, 

NO. 6 N. GREENE STREET. 



oo 



Entered acccrdin^to Act of Congress, in the year 1866, by John F. 
WETSHAMPEii. in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the 
United States, for the District of Maryland. 
Second Edition, 1869. 
Third Edition, 1873. 
Fourth Edition, 1874, 
Fifth Edition, 1876. 
Sixth Edition, 18&5. 



Seventh New AND Revised Edition. 

Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1888, in the Office 

of the Litrarian of Congress- 



^-^' nA' 



b 



^ 



CONTENTS. 



Early History of Baltimore 9 

General Description of the City 15 

Names and Trades 22 

Harbor and Shipping 24 

Increase of Population 24 

Distances by Water 26 

The Water Works 26 

Parks and other Public Resorts 33 

Monuments 43 

Churches 55 

Cemeteries 72 

Humane Institutions 75 

Miscellaneous Institutions and Societies 85 

City Hall 92 

Literature and Newspapers 95 

Markets 97 

Theatres 97 

Hotels 99 



PUBLISHERS PREFACE. 



A CITY is always interesting. While some may decry its 
crowded thoroughfares and haunts of traffic and pleasure, 
contrasting them unfavorably with the fertile fields and forest 
shades of the country, the most of men will ever seek the city 
for the greater concentrated attractions of labor, of mind, of busi- 
ness, of humanity. The country may be lauded for its natural 
beauties, for its unsophisticated manners and freedom from enor- 
mous vices, as if to lay upon city-life a greater aggregation of 
folly and crime. But there is danger of misapprehension from 
this view. There is not a rural district anywhere free from vice ; 
indeed, in many cases the villager exceeds the citizen in excesses 
of every grade. In many small towns, as well as less settled 
neighborhoods, the vices of man's nature are exhibited unblush- 
ingly and without fear of restraint, for the executors of the civil 
law are too weak to repress any disorders of the least magnitude. 
The thinness of population, however, causes this fact to be over- 
looked, and consequently the great cities are generally denounced 
as disproportionally criminal. The fact is, that many of the 
worst class, already graduated in villany, assemble from the coun- 
try to practice their nefarious employments in the city. With 
this exception, the proportion is not unfavorable. It is forgotten 
that, while a great amount of wickedness may pervade a large 
town, there is also a much more powerful influence exerted for 
law, for intelligence and morality, than could be obtained in 



have radiated the wonderful achievements of religion, of human- 
ity and art. The names of Jerusalem, Rome, Constantinople, 
London, call to our view Religions that have swayed the world^ 
While the histories of the cities of European and Asiatic king- 
doms have been written in blood and folly, they have also marked 
the fact that civilization has been fostered within their walls, 
which would otherwise have been lost among people purely pas- 
torial or nomadic. Art, science, law, refinement, have all been 
gathered there to perpetuate the greatest efforts of man, to estab- 
lish his highest genius in the eyes of future generations, to au- 



8 WeisTiampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

thorize order and government, to increase the welfare of the 
whole human race. It is from our modern cities, for example, 
that religion and moral reform have received their greatest en- 
couragement, in the shape of charitable, educational and humane 
institutions, of societies for the diflfusion of the gospel, and of 
every approved enterprise in state and church. These facts ren- 
der the city doubly interesting to the moral observer as well as 
to the mere curioso. In both, what astonishment and speculation 
do the lights and shadows of city-life excite ! Every tongue 
and class of people, jostling along the crowded streets, every form 
and variety of youth and age, every device of trade and pleasure, 
every ingenuity of mechanism, every means of commerce, exist- 
ing together in a harmony of confusion, amid a deafening din and 
bustle, with an absorbing haste and earnestness, with splendor 
and squalor mingled, with the extremest show of penury and 
unlimited extravagance ! 

But we must now direct our attention especially to the City of 
Baltimore, which, though less ostentatious than some others in 
our country, is held in the highest estimation by tourists from all 
parts of the world, for its situation, climate and hospitality, and 
grows dearer every year to its inhabitants in recollections and at- 
tachments, in sources of happiness and promise of increased pros- 
perity. 

The above remarks comprised the introduction to this work 
when first issued in 1866. Since then, the Guide has passed 
through several editions, and has been a source of satisfaction to 
many tourists, as well as a reservoir of facts for the correspon- 
dents of many periodicals. We would thank the latter to give 
us credit hereafter for any items they may use in their descriptive 
letters. The present edition is an entirely fresh one, with des- 
criptive matter to date of issue. 

In remembrance of a life-long friendship, and especially of our 
first compensation for literary composition when a youth, and al- 
so in recognition of his energy, perseverance and success as a pio- 
neer in the great modern business of popular literature, this Guide 
is respectfully 

INSCRIBED TO HENRY TAYLOR, 

OF BALTIMORE. 




FIRST METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 






JJAI^LY JiipTORY. 




LANDING AT ST. MARY S. 




lEOILTUS CALVERT, the second Lord Bal- 
timore, became Proprietary of Maryland under 
a charter from Charles L, of England, in 1633, 
who named it "Maryland," in honor of his 
wife, Henrietta Maria. In 1634, Lord Baltimore aided 
two hundred emigrants to colonize at the mouth of the 
Potomac river, on a tract which they named St. Mary's. 
From 1649 to 1658 this and adjacent settlements were 
under the control of authorities acting in favor of Oliver 
Cromwell and his son Richard; but in 1662, on the ac- 
cession of Charles IL, Lord Baltimore resumed his full 
powers, and appointed Philip Calvert, his brother. Gov- 
ernor. At this date, the territory was almost entirely a 
wilderness, occupied by Indians. 



10 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

In 1662, Mr. Thomas Gorsuch patented fifty acres of 
ground on Whetstone Point, upon the extreme end of 
which Fort McHenry is now located. This was the first 
land patented within the present limits of the city. The 
"purchase money" was at the rate of four shillings, the 
"quit rent" four shillings a year, and "alienations" four 
shillings /;er hundred acres ^ payable in specie or tobacco. 
In 1663, Mr. Charles Mountenay took up two hundred 
acres on each side of Harford Run. In 1668, Mr. John 
Howard patented the land lying between the heads of the 
middle and north branches of the Patapsco. The same 
year Thomas Cole took five hundred and fifty acres more, 
extending from Mountenay's ground across the north side 
of the river one mile, and northwardly from the river 
about half a mile, calling the tract Cole's Harbor. In 
1682, this property was purchased by a Mr. David Jones, 
who gave hisname to the stream running through it, and 
who is believed to have been the^r^^ actual settler on the 
site of the future city. He built a house on the north 
side of the stream, (Jones' Falls,) near its junction with 
tide water. Shortly afterward, a Mr. John Hurst became 
possessed of the land, and built a house, which he used 
as an inn, near Mr. Jones' residence. In 1711, Mr. Jona- 
than Hanson built a mill near the present corner of Bath 
and Holliday streets, which was standing in 1825. In 
1726, Mr. Edward Fell settled on the east side of the Falls. 
There were then but two dwelling-houses, a mill, and 
several out-houses, in existence at this place. 

As years progressed, other settlers located in this neigh- 
borhood, and in 1723 there were five ships in the Patapsco 
at North Point, freighting for London. As trade in- 
creased, the head of tide seemed preferable for the situa- 
tion of a town, and application was made to Mr. John 
Moale, who owned the land between the middle and the 



WeishamiJcVs Ballwiore Guide. 11 

south branches of the Patapsco, to lay out lots for bouses 
on his property, but be refused permission. Excluded 
thus from the level land, the petitioners were compelled 
to select a site under the hills and along the marshes of 
the northwestern branch. In 1729, an act of Assembly 
was passed for "erecting a town^ o:n^ the north side 
OF the Patapsco, in Baltimore County." 



BOUNDARY PRP:SCKIBED IN 1816 




In 1730, about 60 acres of land were laid off into lots 
and called Baltimore, in compliment to the Proprietary, 
whose title bad been derived from a seaport in Ireland. 
The line began at the present corner of Pratt and Light 
streets, and ran north-westerly along Uhler's alley to 
Sharp street; thence crossed Baltimore street and up 
McClellan's alley to the corner of St. Paul and Saratoga 
streets; along Second to the Basin, which then extended 
to Water street, and thence to the point of starting. 



12 Weisha77ipeVs Baltimore Guide. 

At that time the bed of the present Falls was much 
divided, diverging in more than one channel; the whole 
space from Front street to Calvert, from the Basin back 
to Franklin street, was low and marshy, and a deep gully 
also extended down Little Sharp street, through Sharp 
street and Uhler's alley, to the Basin. "Marsh Market' 
derives its name from the character of that portion of 
ground. 

In 1752, John Moale, son of the former gentleman of 
that name, sketched a plan or view of the town, which, 
after corrections by Daniel Bowley, was published about 
1820, by Edward J. Ooale, and exhibits the state of im- 
provements west of the Falls, at that time. Including 
the buildings already noticed, it appears there were about 
25 houses, four of which were of brick. The last one of 
these was Kaminesky's Inn, which was demolished about 
1875. It stood on the northwest corner of Grant and 
Mercer Streets. (See engraving opposite.) 

As this volume is not intended as a history, but mere- 
ly a description of our city, we will take no further notice 
of its past than to say that from time to time additional 
tracts were added to the city bounds, until in 1816 they 
were made to extend about four miles square, as shown 
in the diagram, containing about 10,000 acres of surface. 
Since 1816 the growth of the city has been rapidly filling 
up that boundary and extending at several points beyond 
it, making necessary the further extension of its corpor- 
ate authority. A table on another page shows the in- 
crease of population. 




„ J ^4# ' 





w 

Q 

O 

O 



liliiiiiiiiiiiiiii 

^Qeneral Pe^cription. 



TV/TANY and persistent endeavors have been made, 
through prejudice and rivalry, to defame the char- 
acter of Baltimore City. Occasionally there has appeared 
an excuse for just censure in some unforeseen incident, 
common to all cities, and especially frequent in those 
whose interest is our loss; but, examined impartially, 
there is nocity of equal magnitude whose record is clearer, 
whose uniform character is higher. Knowing her pros- 
perity to be natural and not speculative, she has been 
content to advance slowly, so as never to retrograde, even 
after national panics. Gradually adopting sound im- 
provements, she is developing her advantages as circum- 
stances may require. Her central location upon the At- 
lantic seaboard places her in the front commercial rank. 
She has been styled by travelers as ''the Liverpool of 
America." The Chesapeake Bay, near which she stands, 
is a noble sheet of water, about two hundred miles long, 
and from ten to fifteen wide, absorbing twenty rivers, 
and forming a coast which is eligible for as many ports 
and large towns, when the population of our State shall 
require them. It is deep throughout, and navigable for 
the largest vessels. It is rarely frozen over sufficiently to 
impede navigation — perhaps once in twenty years — nor 
has it a current of such rapidity as to render floating ice 
dangerous to the smallest craft. Its tributaries, from 
the Elk to the Pocomoke, on the Eastern Shore, and 
from the Susquehanna to the Potomac, on the Western 
Shore, provide for navigation in the interior, as well as 



1^ WeishampeTs Battimore Guide. 

vast water-power for machinery. Chesapeake Bay is 
also the roadway to the commerce of the world at large. 

In respect to the salubrity of its climate, no city in 
this country is, on the whole, superior. Intense cold for 
more than a few days of winter is rare; the polar waves 
break their icy strength before reaching us ; and in the 
summer, nearly all the other great cities record longer 
spells of oppressive heat than ours. 

The system of internal improvements which Maryland 
has completed gives Baltimore access to the agricultural 
and mineral treasures of the South and West. The Bal- 
timore and Ohio Eailroad is the great western artery, 
and its northern extension commands increased facilities 
to Philadelphia and New York. The Northern Central 
Eailroad unites us to the great Pennsylvania Road and 
its branches throughout the North. The Philadelphia, 
Wilmington and Baltimore Road is the long established 
Eastern route. Two lines connect us with Washington 
City and the South. The Potomac Road traverses the 
lower counties; the Western Maryland opens up the in- 
terior counties, passing the magnificent scenery of Pen 
Mar, and connecting at Hagerstown with other routes. 
The Maryland Central (narrow gnage) leads northeast- 
wardly through the State. Another Road runs through 
the lower counties, to Drum Point. 

Baltimore City is situated on the north side of an arm 
of the Patapsco River, fourteen miles from where it emp- 
ties into Chesapeake Bay ; 204 miles from the Atlantic by 
ship-channel ; in longitude 39° 17' 23" N., and 24' E. 
from Washington, 39 miles from Washington, 97 from 
Philadelphia, 184 from New York, and 420 from Boston. 
The location is on undulating ground, and some of the 
elevations command fine views. The best water-front 
scene is to be had from Federal Hill Park ; the various . 
heights around the City afford other extensive views, and 



Weisha7npeVs Baltimore Guide. 17 

from the summit of Washington Monument a central 
bird's-eye observation maybe taken. 

The original corporate limits of Baltimore are com- 
prised in a space of about sixteen square miles, bounded 
on the south by the Patapsco River, which indents it 
considerably, and on the east, north and west, by avenues. 
The City is not built up on all the territory here specified, 
but at several points extends beyond it. North Avenue is 
graded for three miles, is one hundred feet wide, and is 
becoming a place of fine residences. The streets in the 
oldest parts of Baltimore were not laid out regularly, 
and were built up before the place grew into importance. 
Since 1818, however, all streets have been extended at 
right angles as far as practicable, so that the greater part 
of the City is laid out regularly, with a proper width of 
streets and well paved. There are about 80,000 houses 
erected, almost all of brick. The Passenger Railways 
afford rapid access to all parts of the city and neighbor- 
ing settlements, Calverton, Oatonsville, Hampden, Wood- 
berry, Govanstown, Towson, &c. 

Jones' Falls, a small stream rising about twenty miles 
northward, divides the City into East and West. Sub- 
stantial iron bridges are thrown over this stream, which 
is sometimes as turbulent as "the troubled Tiber, chafing 
with its shores." On two noteworthy occasions, great 
overflows took place. In 1837, at midniglit, a flood de- 
stroyed much property and twenty-five lives; July 24, 
1868, a rise swept ofl" several bridges and houses, inun- 
dating many streets, reaching to the new City Hall, and 
drowning several persons. A stone on the Maryland 
Institute commemorates this fiood. The stream is now 
straightened, and massive walls have been erected to 
render it less dangerous. 

That part of the City east of the Falls is popularly 
called "Old Town," the south-east end is "Fell's Point," 
^nd adjoining, still further east, is "Canton," 



18 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, 

The principal streets extending east and west are Pratt, 
Lombard, Baltimore, Fayette, Lexington, Franklin, Mon- 
ument, Madison and Biddle, besides about fifty others, 
some not so long or straight in their course. 

The principal streets crossing them north to south are 
Washington, Wolfe, Broadway, Bond, Central Avenue, 
High, Gay, Holiday, North, South, Calvert, St. Paul, 
Charles, Hanover, Howard, Eutaw, Paca, Greene, Fre- 
mont, Carrollton, Carey, Gilmor, Fulton, and over fifty 
others of unequal length and diverging lines. 

Since 1860, a marked change has taken place in the 
life, vim, traffic, trades, architecture, warehouses, stores, 
wharves, street-travel and general city activities. In its 
wealth, commerce, parks, railroads, public places, resi- 
dences, church edifices, and extraordinary facilities as a 
good seaport, this City is acquiring a wide reputation, 
and attracting the attention of great capitalists and com- 
mercial companies. 

The chief heavy business firms are found on and south 
of Baltimore street, between Paca street and the Falls, 
extending along the water's edge to Canton. There are 
many streets lined with retail stores and shops, for the 
sale of every species of goods and provisions. West Bal- 
timore, Eutaw, Howard, Lexington, Charles and Gay 
streets and Broadway are great thoroughfares for shop- 
pers. Many dwellings are connected with places of bus- 
iness ; but the greater part of the city outside of the 
streets here mentioned is devoted to private residences. 
There are numerous blocks of palatial homes, built of 
beautiful Baltimore-made brick, and Maryland marble, 
and granite. Charles street, St. Paul street, Madison 
Avenue, Eutaw Place, Harlem Park, Calvert street, and 
many other localities, are worthy of special description, 
had we space. The neat appearance of the average brick 
dwellings stretching for miles along the streets is a sub- 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 19 

ject of comment to many visitors. Baltimore is a city of 
liomes, of cleanly streets, moderate rents,- cheap markets, 
and nnpretentions gentility. Many of our wealthy citi- 
zens have handsome country seats and productive farms 
within a few miles. 

Exchange Place, on Lombard street, is the focus of the 
heaviest business. Here are the Merchants' Exchange, 
Custom House and Post Office. Near it are South, Ger- 
man and Second streets, occupied principally by bankers, 
brokers, insurance companies, &c. Baltimore, Lexington, 
and Charles streets are the leading retail business thor- 
oughfares and the promenade of beauty and fashion. Here 
the visitor may determine for himself the comparative 
beauty of Baltimore women. 

Extensive wholesale warehouses are located on Sharp, 
Hanover, Liberty, Howard, German and Charles streets. 

Flour, grain and provision warehouses are found chiefly 
upon Howard, Korth and Pratt streets, and also on the 
wharves; ship-building at Fell's Point and below Fed- 
eral Hill ; coal-shipping at Locust Point. The B. & 0. 
Railroad terminus, the Grain Elevators, the Dry Dock 
and Fort McHenry adjoin each other. On the opposite 
side of the Basin at Canton, are other grain elevators, 
depots of several railroads, iron foundries, machine 
shops, factories, fruit and oyster canning houses, lumber 
yards, saw-mills, and other industrial pursuits, extending 
up into the City along the Basin and Jones' Falls, until 
they connect with the great railroad improvements along 
that stream, reaching from Hillen street to Druid Hill 
Park. 

Gas is conveniently supplied at a low price, and the 
streets and wharves are abundantly lighted at night by 
both gas and electricity. 

The population of Baltimore has frequently doubled 
in twenty years, and is now over 400,000. The taxable 
property is estimated at about $244,000,000. 



20 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

In the commodities of Flour and Grain, Baltimore is 
prominent. About 1,400,000 barrels of Wheat Flour and 
proportionate quantities of Rye Flour and Corn Meal are 
annually inspected here. We give only actual figures 
in this statement, taken from commercial registers. In 
one year as high as 36,538,473 bushels of Wheat and 
16,01,254 bushels of Corn have been received in this city, 
mostly for export. Coal is brought here in large quan- 
tities from Pennsylvania, Maryland and West Virginia. 
Tobacco to the average amount of 50,000 hogsheads is 
annually sold here. The provision trade is of great im- 
portance. The annual arrival of live stock is averaged 
at 140,000 horned cattle, 360,000 hogs and 240,000 sheep. 
Coffee, (Sugar and Molasses are imported in great bulk. 
An immense trade is done in Lumber, Tin, Fruit, Cotton, 
Guano, Iron, Leather, Tar, &c. As much as 23,000,000 
gallons of Petroleum, 27,000,000 pounds of Lard, and 
21,000,000 pounds of Bacon, have been exported in one 
year. The general wholesale jobbing trade of our mer- 
chants amounts to over $500,000,000 annually. 

There are numerous Cotton Mills in and near the City, 
which use from 50,000 to 70,000 bales annually. Wool is 
also manufactured. The Flour Mills are numerous 
Whiskey distilleries and Beer breweries are unfortunately 
also numerous and profitable, as in all our large cities. 
Brick manufacture is also carried on extensively — our 
City having a reputation for the finest quality in the 
country The Iron Foundries are extensive, and manu- 
facture materials for railroads, bridges and other con- 
structions throughout the world. The Hide and Leather 
trade and the Shoe manufacturing business are both large 
and fast increasing. Our Piano Forte manufactories are 
famous for fine work. There are eighty Oyster and Fruit 
packing houses, giving employment to a vast number of 
persons an4 ejtpending millions of dollars, About 



Weishm)i2)eV s Baltimore Guide. 21 

16,000,000 bushels of Oysters are brought here annually. 
Our oyster-house cookery is famous. Our Tobacco and 
Cigar manufactories are plentiful, employing thousands 
of hands. The Book Printing and Publishing business 
is not as extensive as in northern cities, but is increasing 
every year; there is a vast amount of Job Printing done. 
In addition to these, are manufactories of Hats, Caps, 
Boots, Shoes, Drugs, Chemicals, Silverware, Marbleware, 
Agricultural Implements, Glassware, Hardware, Fertil- 
izers, Furniture, &c., which we have not the space to 
enumerate in so general a description ; but these will 
suffice to indicate to visitors the points of prominence, 
which they can verify by their own observation. 

The government of the City is generally in able hands 
and its Police system and Fire Department are among 
the most efficient in the country. Our places of public 
amusement are sufficiently numerous, including theaters, 
opera houses, concert halls, lecture rooms, skating rinks, 
a natatorium, &c. Our monuments, parks, churches, mar- 
kets and other public resorts will be described separately. 

Baltimore has a large number of elegant and substan- 
tial Public School buildings, fitted up with appliances 
for healthful study and covering in their scope the whole 
range of rudimentary and classical education. 

In 1828, the "Canton Company" was incorporated, 
having for its capital 10,000 acres of land, adjoining the 
deep water of the harbor. Within a few years, that vicin- 
ity has become the terminus of several railroads and the 
location of depots, grain elevators, C3al and transportation 
piers, iron furnaces, rolling mills, chemical works, oil 
and sugar refineries, brick yards, breweries, oyster and 
fruit packing establishments, and thousands of dwelling 
houses, supplied with water and gas. Like other parts of 
this well-located city, the ground here rises gradually 
from tide water, and presents miles of eligible situ^^tion^ 



22 Weishmni^Vs Baltimore Guide, 

for private residences, public edifices, parks, and other 
metropolitan characteristics. The low price at which an 
unlimited extent of eligible building lots may be bought 
and leased, gives all the outlying parts of this city a de- 
sirable advantage over the many restricted territories of 
great cities elsewhere. 

As an item of interest, we append the following list 
containing the number of persons of each name residing 
in Baltimore, indicating the cause of frequent difficulty 
in finding individuals in large cities: 



275 Adcims. 


1100 Jones. 


420 Shafer. 


210 Allen. 


700 Kelly. 


500 Schmidt. 


350 Anderson. 


430 King. 


850 Scott. 


400 Baker. 


350 Lee. 


2250 Smith. 


220 Bell. 


280 Lewis. 


400 Stewart. 


150 Bennett. 


5200 Mc. 


200 Sullivan. 


80 Bond. 


400 Martin. 


700 Taylor. 


175 Boyd. 


1150 Miller. 


700 Thomas. 


360 Brooks. 


400 Mitchell. 


600 Thompson 


1475 Brown. 


400 Moore. 


200 Turner. 


250 Burns. 


425 Murphy. 


350 Wagner. 


200 Butler. 


300 Murray. 


280 Walker. 


240 Campbell. 


400 Myers. 


200 Ward. 


50 Clark or Clarke 


. 80 Parker. 


210 Warner. 


420 Cook. 


204 Patterson. 


150 Waters. 


500 Davis. 


200 Phillips 


150 Watkiiis. 


200 Evans. 


200 Price. 


150 Weaver. 


200 Gray. 


400 Read, Reed ,Reid 


150 Webb. 


420 Green. 


100 Reynolds. 


500 White. 


480 Hall. 


180 Richardson. 


900 Williams. 


360 Harris. 


150 Keiley or Riley. 


800 Wilson. 


200 Hughes. 


450 Robinson. 


400 Wright. 


420 Jackson. 


150 Ross. 


400 Young. 


1400 Johnson. 


150 Russell. 


800 Z. 



The following list approximates the number of places 
in the city devoted to the most important trades and 
occupations. Besides those given here, there are others, 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 23 

used for every variety of manufacture and barter. Many 
houses employ live, ten, fifty or a hundred hands, and it 
would therefore be difficult to state the number of indi- 
viduals engaged in all these pursuits. 



18 Agricultural Implements. ' 


80 Fertilizers. 


125 Apothecaries & Chemists. 


6 Glass Manufactories. 


28 Architects & Civil Engineer; . 


50 Gloves and Hosiery. 


31 Artists. 


100 Grocers (Wholes le.) 


370 Attorneys at Law. • 


1200 Grocers (Retail.) 


13 Auctioneers. 


23 Guano Depots. 


85 Bakeries. 


17 Gun Makers and Dealers. 


25 Banks. 


100 Hardware. 


3 Bell Foundries. 


100 Hats and Caps. 


70 Blacksmiths, Wheelwright- 


32 Hide and Leather. 


20 Block and Pump Makers. 


60 Hotels. 


10 Boat Builders. 


240 Importers. 


14 Book Binc'ers. 


8 Instrument Makers. 


150 Books and Stationery. 


180 Insurance Agencies. 


10 Brass Founders. 


3() Iron and Steel Dealers. 


20 Basket & Wooden Ware. 


20 Iron Foundries. 


84 Breweries. i 


5 Iron Furnaces. 


49 Brick-makers. 


200 Jewelers and Silversmiths, 


150 Brokers (Stock & Merch.) 


82 Lamps and Oil. 


600 Butchers. 


150 Liquors (Wholesale) 


30 Butter Dealers (Wholesale.) 


}700 Liquor (Retail.) 


120 Cabinet Ware. 


90 Livery Stables. 


200 Carpenters and Builders. 


65 Lumber Merchants. 


50 Carriage Makers. 


70 Machinery. 


25 Carvers. 


' 85 Marble Work. 


35 Cattle Dealers. 


150 Merchant Tailors. 


50 Cotton Factors or dealers. 


i 30 Newspapers. 


40 China-ware. 


! 75 Notion Houses( Wholesale ) 
! 85 Packers of Fruit, &c. 


150 Clothing Houses. 


15 Cloths and Cassimeres. 


70 Paper Hangings. 


250 Coal-dealers. 


75 Paii.ters (House and Sign.) 


000 Commission Houses. 


45 Paints and Oils. 


22 Confectioners (Wholesale.) 


20 Paper (Wholesale.) 


85 Coopers. 


50 Photographers. 


10 Coppersmith's Works. 


650 Physicians. 


150 Dentists. 


17 Piano Factories. 


30 Druggists(Wholesalc.) 


100 Printing Offices. 


125 Dry-Goods (Retail.) 


160 Plumbers. 


70 Dry-Goods (Wholesale.) 


9 Potteries. 


25 Engraving 


80 Saddlers. 


50 Fancy Goods (Wholesale.) 


15 Ship Builders. 


60 Florists. 


, 14 Soap and Candle Manuf. 


150 Flour and Feed. 


! 18 Saw and Planing Mills. 


5 Flour Mills. 


80 Shipsmiths, &c. 


150 Furniture Dealers. 


65 Shipping Merchants. 



24 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

250 Shoe Stores(Retail.) i 350 Tailors. 

50 Shoe Honses( Wholesale.) 000 Tobacco and Cigars. 

500 Shoe-making and Selling. 4 Type Foundries. 

41 Steamship Lines. 23 Tanneries. 

100 Stove Stores. I 60 Wood-dealers, &c., &c. 



INCREASE OF POPULATION. 
Year. Population. 

1752 200 

1775 5,934 

1790 13,503 

1800— (Doubled in ten years) 26,514 

1810 85,583 

1820— (More than doubled in twenty years) 02,738 

.1830 80,625 

1840— (Nearly doubled in twenty years) 102,813 

1850 169,054 

I860— (More than doubled in twenty years) 217,000 

1870 278,000 

1880— (Exclusive of suburbs) 382,000 

1880— (Including suburbs, est.) 400,000 

1890— (fetimatcd) 450,000 



HARBOR AND SHIPPING. 

Our Harbor is about three miles long, varying from a 
half to three fourths of a mile in width, with a shore 
line of over seven miles, largely indented with wharves 
which afford an actual water frontage, built up with ware- 
houses, of about twenty-four miles. The Harbor consists 
of an inner Basin admitting light craft quite into the city, 
and an outer Bay which can float the largest vessels. 
Fort McHenry commands the entrance. Fort Carroll, 
not yet completed, stands in mid channel six miles below. 

One of the most important adjuncts of a great com- 
mercial city is its shipping. Baltimore has increased 
jiotably in its foreign and domestic commerce. Several 



Weisham2)efs Battimore (htide. S5 

great Railroads have made this their terminus for ocean 
freight, and opened facilities unsurpassed on the Atlan- 
tic coast for transportation of products from home abroad. 
or from foreign lands to every portion of our country. 
There are several lines of steamships running weekly to 
various poris of Europe, and about twenty-five lines of 
coast steamers to every landing in the Chesapeake Bay, 
the rivers adjacent and all the Atlantic ports. About 
sixteen hundred sailing vessels annually arrive and clear 
for foreign ports. The smaller sailing craft are propor- 
tionably numerous, and carry on an immense domestic 
trade in oysters, fish, wood, fruit, &c., &c. 

The principal imports from foreign lands are annually 
about 500,000 bags of coffee ; 150,000 boxes of oranges, 
raisins, figs, &c. ; 20,000 tierces of molasses; 350,000 sacks 
of salt ; 250,000 boxes of tin ; 10,000 tons of iron ; 50,000 
hides; 10,000 tons of guano; besides large quantities of 
numerous other commodities. Our exports are chiefly 
grain, flour, coal, petroleum, pork, cotton, lumber, tobac- 
co, with in fact all the productions of our soil and labor. 
The annual average value of our imports is $20,000,000, 
and of exports $46,000,000. 

The Basin has sufficient depth of water for steamboats 
and small craft, along Pratt and Light streets, but deep- 
ens beyond to admit the largest tonnage vessels. From 
South street wharf to Canton on the east side, and from 
Federal Hill to Fort McHenry on the west side of our 
harbor are the landings of the larger vessels, foreign steam- 
ships, «&c. On Locust Point are located two covered piers 
for Liverpool and Bremen steamers, three elevators for 
transhipment of grain, numerous coal wharves, and the 
Dry Dock. As Locust Point is the Maryland terminus of 
the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, so Canton is the sea 
terminus of the Northern Central, Western Maryland, 
Baltimore & Potomac, and Philadelphia, Wilmington & 



26 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

Baltimore Railroads. With all the necessary facilities, 
wharves, elevators and machinery. Canton is an important 
shipping point. The interior South, the great West, and 
even Chicago and the cities on the northern lakes find 
this by railway their nearest Atlantic port. 

The following gives the distance in miles by water from 
Baltimore to the principal foreign ports: 

To Bremen 3,575, London 3,225, Havre 3,148, Amster- 
dam 3,510, Canton 10,600, Java 13,000, Bordeaux 3,310, 
Bombay 11,574, Constantinople 5,140, Havana 1,280, 
Hong Kong 6,488, Lima 11,300, Nagasaki 9,800, Rio 
Janeiro 5,920, Honolula 7,157, Liverpool 3,023, Australia 
13,294. 

Steamboat Excursions take place almost hourly during 
the Summer season to various pleasure resorts along the 
Bay and to distant cities. The point of departure is 
usually from the Light street wharves. For particuhirs 
see the daily papers. 

Distances by water are as follows, to the landings and 
resorts along Chesapeake Bay. 

Miles. Miles. 

Seven FootKnoU 14 Miles Landing 55 

Gunpowder Creek 22 Choptank River Light House. . . 57 

Mouth of Magothy River 22 Oxford 59 

Pool's Island Light House 21; Castlehavcn Choptank River — 65 

Tolchester 25 Easton lianding 07 

Sandy Point Light House 25 Cove Point Light House fi9 

Mouth of liush River 27 CaiTiV)ridge 70 

Annapolis -^2 Church's Crook Landing 73 

Bay Rids^e 35 Drum Point Patuxent River — 76 

Thomas' Point Light House. — 3;^ Cabin Creek Choptank River — 79 

Howell's Point — 34 Hunting Creek Choptank River. 81 

Kent Point 38 Point Lookout Light House 95 

Mouth Cox's Creek West River. 40 Clay Island Light House 98 

Turkey Poiit Light House 41 Solomon's Lamp Light House. . .101 

Havre de Grace 48 Smith's Point Light House 105 

» air Haven 48 Crisfield, xia Ridge's Strait 115 

St. Michael .50 Watt's Island Light House 127 

(Charleston • .50 Pongoteagiie Landinsr 129 

Chestertown 52 Windmill Point Light House.... 129 

Port iJeposit .52 Onaneock Landing 134 

Sharp's Islanfl Light House .53| Wolftrap Light House 141 

Mouth Chesap. and Lei. Canal.- ."i4j New Ft. Comfort Light House.. 151 
Plum Point Landing .551 Eastville Landing 156 



V^eishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 27 



The arrangements for furnishing Baltimore with pure 
water are very extensive and calculated to suffice for many 
years to come, and for a population of over a million. 

The supply is derived from Jones' Falls and Gunpow- 
der River. There are four reservoirs connected with the 
Jones' Falls supply, holding 535,000,000 gallons, and two 
reservoirs connected with the Gunpowder supply, storing 
765,000,000 gallons, making the entire storage capacity, 
when full, 1,300,000,000 gallons. 

Over 200 miles of pipes run under the streets, supply- 
ing about 50,000 houses, 1,000 fire-plugs, and 15,000 
special needs, baths, &c. 

JONES' FALLS. 

This famous stream has its rise m Baltimore county, 
some twenty miles above the city, and is of but few yards 
in width. Often it is so low as to scarcely cover the clian- 
nel, but during rainy seasons it receives the flow of a large 
water shed, and swells to a great height, sometimes over- 
flowing the adjoining roads for miles, and overleaping the 
walls which confine its course through the city. Several 
tributaries form Jones' Falls, among which are Koland 
and Towson Branches, which aid largely in filling Lake 
Roland. 

LAKE ROLAND. 

Taking advantage of natural conveniences, a noble lake 
was formed in the valley of Jones' Falls, near Rollin's 
Station, on the Northern Central Railroad, about 8 miles 
from the city. The expense of masonry, bridges, &c., 
was $112,752. It extends over about 116 acres, is 225 



38 WeishampeVs Baltimore Giiide. 

feet above tide, and since 1861 has maintained a supply 
of 500,000,000 gallons. The dam to hold this lake is of 
immense strength and durability, built of stone, 120 feet 
wide, about 60 feet thick, and 40 feet high; it cost about 
$152,000. A visit to this Lake is very interesting; tlie 
drive thither is through a romantic country, the Falls 
being quite picturesque along its entire length. A Con- 
duit is built from the Lake to the Keceiving Reservoir 
at Hampden. It is about four miles in length, made of 
brick and cemented, oval in shape, five feet wide and six 
feet in height. About a mile of this conduit was accom- 
plished by tunneling under the earth to various depths. 
It cost $536,000. 

HAMPDEN EESERVOIR. 

This work is located on the Fall's Road near Hampden, 
opposite Woodberryand Druid Hill Park, from which it 
can be seen. It occupies eight acres, is semi-circular, 
diameter 1,000 feet, is 217 feet above tide, holds about 
50,000,000 gallons, and cost $206,000. From this base 
of receival a line of pipes — which cost $140,000 — extends 
across the Falls and along the railroad to 

MOUNT ROYAL RESERVOIR. 

This beautiful lake is for distribution through the main 
pipes into the streets of the city. Its location is admi- 
rable; it is north of North or Boundary Avenue, and 
overlooks Jones' Falls, the Depot of the Northern Central 
Railroad, and a great part of the city. Its grounds are 
bcautilally laid out. A marble gateway opens on North 
Avenue at Oliver street, and a wide drive of half a mile 
in length leads to the interior of Druid Hill Park. The 
scenery is diversified. Mount Royal Reservoir is circular, 
550 feet across, 150 feet above tide, has five acres of sur- 
face and holds 30,000,000 gallons. Cost about $112,000. 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Giude. 29 



DRUID LAKE. 

This location wasoncean immense natural ravine south 
of the original Druid Hill Park. The authorities pur- 
chased it with grounds adjoining, for the purposes of a 
Storage Reservoir. Besides the utility of such a lake, it 
was calculated that the beauty of the Park would be won- 
derfully increased by the improvement. The result has 
justified expectation— there are few cities which present 
such a grand natural park and artificial lake. From the 
centre rises a four-inch jet of water 112 feet in height. 
The smooth drive around the Lake is a favorite resort. 
A tower of white marble stands on the eastern summit of 
the embankments, from which the visitor has a fine view 
as far down as Fort Mc Henry. 

The water area of Druid Lake is 53 acres, greatest 
length 2,300 feet, greatest width 900 feet, 300 feet across 
its narroAvest point.— Extreme depth of water at mouth 
of drain pipe, 65 feet; extreme depth of dam, 1)8 feet. 
At the screen well where the effluent mains start, there 
is a depth of 39 feet of water; and at the upper end about 
25 feet. The lake when full contains 429,000,000 gallons 
available. The surface of water when full is 217 feet 
above tide. The dam is 750 feet in length, from north 
to south; its greatest width at base is 650 feet; width on 
top 56 feet; its greatest depth to foundation on eastern 
side 116 feet; in the centre 119 feet; at the western side 
103 feet; at the north and south ends 17 feet. Through 
the whole extent ot the dam from north to south an ex- 
cavation was first made 36 feet wide, varying in depth 
according to the distance down to rock foundation. On 
the north end 40 feet in depth was excavated before reach- 
ing rock; in the middle 15 feet, and on the south end 50 
feet. In the cen tre of this excavation trench, a stone tooth 



30 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

or wall is laid in cement 2 feet at top, 4 feet at bottom, 
and 5 feet high. On this prepared foundation the clay 
puddle core rests, which is carried np to the top of the 
dam through its whole extent. 

HIGH SERVICE RESERVOIR. 

A Reservoir of five acres is erected in the northwest 
part of the Park, the water being forced into it by 
machinery, for the purpose of supplying the most elevated 
portions of the City. 

GUNPOWDER RIVER, LAKE MONTEBELLO 
AND LAKE CLIFTON. 

The Gunpowder River has its rise about thirty miles 
north of the City; it runs southeasterly and empties into 
the Patapsco fifteen miles east of us. Near its mouth it 
widens considerably and is crossed by the Philadelphia 
Railroad on a trestle bridge. About nine miles north- 
east of the City, at a narrow part, the stream is intercep- 
ted and conveyed to the Montebello Reservoir. This 
involved the construction of a Tunnel seven miles long 
and twelve feet in diameter, the greater part of which is 
through rock. It has excited much interest, being the 
third largest tunnel in the world. The Gunpowder River 
is 170 feet above tide where the supply is taken. Lake 
Montebello is situated about two miles north-east of the 
City in a ravine, the ends of which were enclosed by 
artificial embankments. The surface of the lake is 163 
feet above tide, water area 60 acres, depth 30 feet. The 
roadway around the Lake is 1^ miles, from 60 to 80 feet 
wide. The water enters and is discharged from the Lake 
through a Compound Gate-House, the largest in the 
country. Capacity 500,000,000 gallons; cost $660,000. 
From this Reservoir the water passes to Lake Clifton, 
which is one mile from the City on the Johns Hopkins 



WeishamjjeVs Baltimore Guide. 31 

estate. This Lake is elliptic in shape; long axis 1,700 
feet, short axis 1,200 feet; roadway 50 feet wide, 4,400 
feet long. Water area 30 acres, depth 31 ft. Capacity 
265,000,000 gallons. From the gate-house, water is con- 
veyed to the city in six 40-inch pipes. 



' I HATE a cottage where the south wind cornea 
Cool from the spicy pines, or with a breath 
Of tl;e mid-ocean salt upon its lips, 
And a low, lulling, dreamy sound of waves, 
To breathe upon me as I lie along 
On my white violets, marveling at the bees 
That toil but to be plundered, or the mart 
or striving men, whose bells I sometimes hear 
When th'y will toss their brazen throats at heaven, 
y\nd howl to vex me. But the town is far, 
And all its noises ere they trouble me 
Must take a convoy of the scented bre«ze 
And climb the hills and cross the bloomy dales 
And catcli a whisper in the swaying grain, 
And hear unf ithful echoes from the woods, 
».nd mix with birds and stieams and fluttering leaves." 

Geo. H. Boker. 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 33 

pAI^K^ AJ^D OTHER I^E^OF^T^. 



When breezes are soft and skies are fair, 

I steal an hour from study and care 

And hie nie aw;iy to the woodland scene 

Where wanders the streHra with waters of green 

As if the bright fringe of herbs on its brink 

Kad given their stain to the wave they drink. 

Tliougli forced to drudge for the dregs of men, 

And scrawl strange words with the bai barons psB 

And mingle amon^ the jostling crowd, 

Wliere the sons of strite are subtle and louQ, 

I often ci^rae to this quiet place 

To breatiie the airs that ruffle thy face 

And gaze upon thee in silent dream, 

For in thy jjlacid and lovely stream 

An im<j:e of tha' calm life appears 

That won my heart in my greener years." 

Bryant. 



DRUID HILL PARK. 



The citizens of Baltimore being greatly in need of a 
large Park, were fortunate enough, in 1860, to find one 
as if specially prepared for their need, within half a mile 
of the city limits. Commissioners were authorized to 
purchase it, which they did for about $500,000. It was 
the estate of the Rogers family, comprising about 500 
acres, laid out over a hundred years ago in the style of 
the English parks, and in every respect entirely suited 
to the purpose of a pleasure garden for a large city. It 
occupies the very highest tract of land in the immediate 
vicinity of the city. From its principal eminences there 
are noble views of the city and the Bay beyond, down to 
Kent Island and Annapolis; whilst eastward and west- 
ward open up a succession of inland scenes of great beauty 
and diversity of character. One feature of primary im- 
portance in the choice of a location for a public park is, 
that it shall have easy undulations of the surface, so that 
the numerous walks and drives can be economically con- 
structed, and yet be so disposed by following the contour 



34 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

lines, that the eye shall not be able to trace out their 
various ramifications. Another feature is, that wherever 
detached masses, groups and clumps of trees are scattered 
over the grounds, they shall occupy such positions as will 
produce the finest possible effect, and shall be, of them- 
selves, the noblest specimens of their kind. A third is, 
that the disposition of tlie woodland shall be such, that 
it shall not only form the more suitable boundary to the 
park, but that the trees shall be of primitive growth, and 
of the greatest possible variety that is indigenous to the 
latitude. In all these respects Druid Hill is unsurpassed. 

Having been m the possession of the same family for 
a century and a half, and for a considerable portion of 
that time jealously guarded from intrusion, either the 
pride which some lauded proprietors take in conserving 
the property bequeathed to them by their ancestors, or 
some other motive, fortunately prevented the woodman's 
axe from destroying what has now become the crowning 
ornament of the place. Upon nearly one-half the estate 
the fine artistic taste of some earlier proprietor is every- 
where visible. All over the extensive lawn in front of 
the mansion, and stretching thence across a wide expanse 
of meadow land, magnificent groups and masses of trees 
checquer the surface, and have been so skilfully arranged 
as to lead the eye at every turn through a succession of 
long, cool, green vistas, until the eye is lost in deeply- 
embayed recesses of the skirting, or among the shadows 
cast by the bolder indentations which have been formed 
in the glades of the forest. 

The trees are not only grouped with exquisite taste, 
but those which were originally selected to remain were 
evidently chosen with a careful regard to contrasts which 
would be presented by their autumn foliage. This effect 
has been further heightened by suffering single trees, 
such as sassafras and dogwood, to grow up detached froni 



Weishmupers Baltiviore Guide. 35 

the larger masses, and thus to display in their fullest 
perfection the rich orange and crimson of their autumn 
leaves, intensified by being placed in apposition to the 
deep browns and dark purples of the oaks, and bright 
golden tints of the hickory. This artistic skill of the 
old improver is not only visible in the dressed grounds 
of the place, but is to be seen in the manner in which he 
planted up many of the various eminences to the west- 
ward of the mansion. Some vestiges of those old groups 
— composed of medium sized trees, such as the Catalpa 
and others, backed by Lombardy poplars, adding to the 
apparent height, whilst perfecting the pyramidal form 
of the mass — still remain. One of the hickories measures 
nine feet two inches in circumference and overshadows 
an immense area with its trailing limbs. There are hick- 
ories ninety feet high, and eight to eleven feet in circum- 
ference, and white oaks ten feet seven inches in girth. 

In 1886, a great many of the trees were labeled, with 
their names, by the Naturalists' Association. 

The ascent to the Mansion in the centre of the Park is 
gradual. Its height is 326 feet above tide. From the 
summit of this cone, as well as from other prominences, 
fine views of the City and Bay are caught between dis- 
tant masses of foliage. From Tempest Hill, the north- 
eastern extremity of the Park, a lovely scene spreads before 
the gazer, embracing Woodberry, Hampden and its Kes- 
ervoir, and milesof undulating fields, farms and woodland. 
Druid Lake adorns the southern portion, and a wide drive 
along Mount Royal brings the beauties of the Park quite 
within the edge of the City. 

The springs on the domain are numerous, and are 
handsomely adorned by private munificence. Winding 
drives and walks, summer houses, bridges, the swan lake, 
the sea lion pond, the Centennial Maryland Building, the 
cages of wild aninaals, bear-pit, deer, sheep, the fountains. 



36 WcisTiampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

vases, urns, cind the choir of birds ever warbling in the 
glorious trees — these form attractions for many thousands 
of delighted visitors. This Park is indeed of inestimable 
value to the health and innocent gratification of our citi- 
zens, old and young. It has entrances on North Avenue 
at Oliver Street, and on Madison Avenue, both adorned 
with marble gateways, and others will be made as the 
leading streets are opened. The Park is free to all, and 
is under wise regulations and careful police management. 

CLIFTON PARK. 

This is a tract of several hundred acres, described on 
our City Map, located northeast of the City, but not yet 
opened to the public as a pleasure resort. It was the 
country seat of the late Johns Hopkins, and intended by 
him to be thelocation of the University bearing his name. 
This has been made a question of much dispute, and has 
even been carried to the Maryland Legislature. ]\Iean- 
while the trustees have erected buildings on Howard 
Street, where the University Schools are at present lo- 
cated. A portion of the estate has been utilized for the 
introduction of water from the Gunpowder River, and a 
Distributing Reservoir. This Park and the adjacent 
Reservoirs are reached by the Hall's Springs Railway, 
starting from the City Hall. 

PATTERSON PARK. 

A large pleasure ground, containing 113 acres, orna- 
mented with trees, shrubbery, and a fountain, located 
at the east end of the City, its chief gateway fronting on 
Lombard Street. This Park overlooks the harbor, and 
affords a most beautiful view on all sides. It preserves 
within its grounds the original earthtvorlcs thrown up 
by citizen volunteers in 1814, when the British army 
threatened an attack. The Baltimore soldiery, however, 



WeishmnpeVs Baltimore Guide, 37 

met the enemy several miles below, near North Point, and 
defeated them, with the loss of their commander. Gen. 
Ross, and thus saved the City. The Citizens' Line Rail- 
way connects this Park with Druid Hill Park, five miles 
distant. 

FEDERAL HILL PARK. 
This Hill comprises about 81 acres, and is an old land- 
mark. Its elevation commands a view of the entire City 
and harbor, which it immediately overlooks. It has been 
used as the location of an observatory, to signal the 
approach of shipping. In 1862, it was occupied by the 
United States Government, and held as a fort until the 
close of the Civil War, in 1865. In 1878, the grounds 
were purchased by the City to preserve as a public park. 
No one should omit a visit to this Hill, as it gives a 
bird's-eye view of a city seldom equalled. Hours may be 
spent in gazing upon the panorama of life and commerce 
spread out all around and beneath. A memorial to the 
memory of Col. Geo. Armistead, the defender of Fort 
McHenry, crowns the northwestern summit of this Hill. 
The name of this Hill had its origin in the early times 
of the Union, when the "Federal" Party was dominant, 
in honor of the Federal Constitution. In 1886, a new 
pavilion and observatory were built. The Hill is 85 feet 
above tide. 

RIVERSIDE PARK. 

This pleasure resort is located in South Baltimore, cov- 
ering 141 acres, of ground high enough to command a 
good prospect. It includes the site known as "Fort Cov- 
ington," a six-gun battery which sunk the barges of the 
English fleet as they attempted to land a force at night, 
in the rear of Fort McHenry, in 1814. The earthworks 
still remain. 



38 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

HARLEM PARK. 

This is a beautiful plot of ground about two squares 
in extent, undulating in surface and adorned with a 
handsome fountain. It is one of the most pleasing parks 
in the city. It is located in the West End, between Cal- 
houn and Gilmor streets and Edmondson and Harlem 
avenues. A handsome monument and statue of Jas. L. 
Ridgelj were erected here in 1885, by the Odd Fellows. 

LAFAYETTE SQUARE. 

A park comprising a square, between Lanvale Street, 

Carrollton, Arlington, and Lafayette Avenues ; contains 

a small fountain. The Normal School and five handsome 

churches face upon this square, adding to its beauty. 

FRANKLIN SQUARE. 

A small park, with a fountain, between Fayette, Lex- 
ington, Carey and Calhoun Streets. The Aged Men and 
Women's Homes and several churches are located near 
this popular resort. 

Some years ago the iron railings around all the city 
squares were removed and the walks improved with 
cement pavement, thus enlarging and greatly beautifying 
them as well as the neighborhood. 

UNION SQUARE. 

A park and spring similar to the othere, between Lom- 
bard, Hollins, Strieker and Gilmor streets. 

MADISON SQUARE. 
Handsomely located, and beautified with flowers, on 
elevated ground, bet. Caroline, Eden, Eager and Chase sts. 

PERKINS' SPRING SQUARE. 

This is not a square, but a triangular lot of ground 
between George Street, Clinton and Myrtle Avenues. — 
It is adorned with flowers and a fountain on what was 
once known as "Perkins' Spring." 



WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 39 

PUBLIC WALKS. 

Besides the parks above named, are several beautifully 
adorned Public Walks, the chief of which is Eutaw Place, 
in the middle of the roadway of Eutaw Street, extending 
from Dolphin Street for a half-mile northward. It is 
decorated with flowers, and has several fountains, one of 
which is very elaborate, surmounted by a statue, which 
was purchased for a large sum at the Centennial Expo- 
sition, at Philadelphia. The tout ensemble of this Place 
is charming. Several handsome church edifices face this 
locality. 

Broadway is also ornamented with a beautiful street 
park extending from Baltimore Street to North Avenue, 
including the Wildey Monument. 

Similar Public Walks are to be found adjoining the 
Washington Monument, also on North Boundary Avenue 
near Charles Street, and elsewhere. 

EASTERN FOUNTAIN. 

In 1816, a natural spring known as Cloppe's was pur- 
chased, with adjacent grounds, and set apart for public 
use, and known for many years as Eastern City Spring. 
It has since been supplanted by a drinking fountain, 
supplied from the Reservoir, and is now known as Eastern 
Fountain. The grounds are oblong, covered with grass 
and trees, located between Lombard, Pratt, Spring and 
Eden Streets. 

FORT McHENRY. 

In 1774, when the citizens of Baltimore began to take 
part in the Revolution, they erected a water battery on 
Whetstone Point, and stationed a company of Artillery 
there. Three massive chains of wrought iron were 
stretched across the Patapsco river, and its channel ob- 
structed by sunken vessels. In 1794, a star fort, of brick 



40 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

was erected. Subsequently the property was ceded to the 
United States Government, and named "Fort McHenry," 
after James McHenry, first Secretary of War under Pres- 
ident Washington. In 1814, during the war with Eng- 
land, a British fleet landed an army at North Point, and 
then advanced to bombard this Fort, in a double attempt 
to capture the city. The Fort was gallantly defended 




FORT McHENRY. 



by Major Geo. Armistead, with about 1,000 men. Two 
small batteries, some distance above the Fort, under the 
commands of Lieutenants Newcomb and Webster, assisted 
the defence. After twenty-four hours bombardment the 
fleet was repulsed. In the meanwhile their land forces 
were also defeated at North Point. It was during this 
bombardment that the national anthem "The Star Span- 
gled Banner," was composed by Francis S. Key, who was 
a prisoner on one of the British ships during the engage- 
ment. 

During the war of 1861-5, this Fort was strengthened, 
but happily was not engaged in active conflict. Spacious 
grounds are enclosed around the Fort which are accessible 
to visitors, who can reach them by the street cars. 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, 41 

FERRY BAR. 

This is a shallow part of the Patapsco River at the 
point between the Northwest and Middle branches. It 
is nearly a mile in width, and is crossed by a trestle 
bridge to Brooklyn, a settlement in Anne Arundel county. 
The bridge cost $42,000 and has a draw forty-two feet 
wide for the passage of vessels. Capital boating, fishing, 
crabbing and swimming, are all to be had here, in the 
midst of a beautiful scene of land and water. Opposite 
the City are several extensive and picturesque woodland 
shores, which are visited daily by families and social par- 
ties on picnics and fishing excursions. Street cars con- 
vey passengers to Ferry Bar, which is at the extreme end 
of Light street. Boats are also to be had at the foot of 
Hanover, Eutaw and South Paca streets, at the base of 
Federal Hill and other points on the water side. 

BAYSIDE RESORTS. 

Though not in the city, there are several very popular 
places which derive their support from Balitimore, and 
are the resort of many thousands of people during the 
summer season. We refer to "Tolchester Beach," in 
Kent County, about 25 miles from Baltimore. Also to 
*'Bay Ridge," below Annapolis, about 32 miles distant. 
Both these have fine hotels, grounds, bathing houses, &c., 
and a beach nearly equal to the sea-Coast. Steamers run 
twice a day. 

RAILROAD RESORTS. 

"Pen Mar," on the Western Maryland Railroad, is a 
Baltimore institution, although located seventy miles 
away. Trains carry immense crowds thither, every day 
during the summer season. The Baltimore and Ohio 
Railroad also makes special excursions to Harper's Ferry, 



42 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

Irving Park and intermediate places. The other Roads 
carry numerous parties at special rates to other resorts. 

BRIDGES. 

There are several handsome and expensive iron bridges 
over Jones' Falls on St. Paul, Calvert and North Streets, 
and on North Avenue, which afford an interesting sight 
to visitors. The observer can see beneath him the wind- 
ing stream of the Falls, and alongside of it numerous 
railway tracks, with trains rapidly passing to all points 
of the country. These bridges, which are of different 
designs, and two of them elaborately decorated, connect 
an old settled part of the City, with a new and extensive 
portion, comprising many of the finest and most fashion- 
able residences aild churches, and reaching to a plateau 
of eligible property a mile in extent, now rapidly building 
up, which is called 'Teabody Heights." 

Besides these fine bridges, there are numerous bridges 
crossing the Falls at all the main streets in its course. 

DRIVES. 
Besides the extensive and lovely drives through Druid 
Hill Park, and thence to Green Spring Valley and Pini- 
lico, there are several other roads much frequented for 
horse and carriage riding — the Charles St. Avenue leading 
to Woodlavvn Cemetery, Waverly and Towson; the Falls 
Road to Hampden, granite and marble quarries, cotton 
factories, Lake Roland, etc.; the York, Harford, Belair, 
Philadelphia and North Point Roads; the old pike to 
Westminster; the Liberty Road; the Franklin Road 
through Calverton, Five Mills, Gwynn's Falls and Pow- 
hatan; Edmondson Avenue extended, crossing a bridge 
over Gwynn's Falls, which affords a beautiful view, to 
Oatonsville; the Frederick Pike passing the House of 
Refuge, Mount Olivet, Western and Loudon Park Cem- 
eteries, Fairview, Paradise, Catonsville and Ellicott City. 



WeisJiampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

'•/ pray you, lei us satisfy our eyes 

With the memorials and the things of fame 

That do renown this city.'" 



43 




Ip^ALTIMORE has been styled "The Monumental 
ftjl ^^^y'" ^^ account of the patriotism of her citizens 
^^ in erecting two notable monuments, one to com- 
memorate the name and services of Washington ; and 
the other to preserve the memory of her Defenders, in 
the War of 1812. Since then, other marbles have been 



44 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

raised to honor the illustrious dead, but these first-named 
stand preeminent. 

THE WASHINGTON MONUMENT 

Is popularly recognized as the most graceful and majestic 
in America. In 1809, the Legislature granted permission 
for its erection. Lotteries were then lawful and common 
in the United States, and were frequently used to raise 
money for churches and other public buildings; and by 
this means the necessary sum of $100,000 was acquired 
to pay part of the cost of this Monument. A lot two 
hundred feet square was given by General John Eager 
Howard, of Revolutionary fame. At that time, the lot 
was far out of the City, but at this time it is nearly at its 
geographical centre. It is on an eminence at the crossing 
of Charles and Monument Streets, one hundred feet above 
tide. From the middle of this rises the column, and 
handsomely decorated greens and walks extend for a 
square on the four sides. This place is called Mount 
Vernon, after Washington's homestead. 

The corner-stone of the Monument was laid with Ma- 
sonic ceremonies, July 4, 1815, in the presence of over 
twenty-five thousand spectators.' Generals Harper, Ster- 
rett and Winder paraded the military, and a portrait of 
the "Father of His Country," by^Kembrandt Peale, was 
exhibited. Among those present were Colonel Edward 
Johnson, second mayor of Baltimore, General Howard, 
General Sam'l Smith, and all the principal citizens. 

The entire Monument is of white marble. Its base is 
60 feet square and 35 feet high; from this base rises a 
Doric column (20 feet in diameter at the base and 15 feet 
at the top) to a height of 1^5 feet above ground. Upon 
the capital of this column is a gallery, and above that a 
colossal statue of Washington, representing him in the 



WeisJiampeVs Balti^nore Guide, 45 

act of resigning his commission as General in Chief of 
the United States Armies. It is a work of great merit, 
by the sculptor Gregory. It is 15 feet high, weighs 7 
tons, cost |17,000, and required an expense of |3,000 to 
raise it in position, which was completed October 19, 
1830; thus about fourteen years elapsed during the con- 
struction of the whole work. The name of Robert Mills 
is deserving of honorable remembrance as the Architect 
of this most chaste and symmetrical structure. 

The following inscription is divided upon the four sides 
of the base. 

TO 

GEORGE WASHINGTON, 

BY THE 

STATE OF MARYLAND. 

Born, February 22, 1732. 

Commander-in-Chief of tlw Ainsrican Army, June 15, 1776. 

Trenton, Dec. 25, 1776.— TorJctown, October 19, 1781, 

Commimon Resigned at Annapolis, Dec. 23, 1783. 

President of the United States, March 1, 1789. 

Retired to Mt. Vernon, March 4, 1797. 

Died, December 14, 1799. 

The total height of the Monument to the head of the 
statue is 180 feet above ground, and 280 feet above tide. 
It is ascended on the inside by a circular stairway of 2^0 
steps; a lantern being used to light the way.. Visitors 
are admitted to the top, on payment of a small charge. 
But one fatality is recorded of this ascent, which occurred 
in 1875; a young man who suffered from abberation of 
mind, threw himself from the summit and was of course 
instantly killed by his fall. In 1872 the statue was struck 
by lightning, but the injury was slight and immediately 
repaired. The view from the top is very pleasing to those 
who are not nervously affected. 

The western side of Mount Vernon Place is adorned 
with several bronze statues by Barye, representing Peace, 



46 WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

"War, Force and Order, and a colossal Lion; also with 
"Military Courage," by Dubois. Many of the private 
dwellings in this neighborhood are quite costly; the 
Peabody Institute and the Methodist Episcopal Church 
give additional beauty to this Place, which is conceded 
to afford one of the most elegant and pleasing public views 
in any city. 



THE ^'BATTLE MONUMENT." 

Erected in Monument Square, under the direction of 
the City Government, to the memory of those who fell in 
defence of the City at the Battle of North Point and 
bombardment of Fort McHenry, on the 12th and 13th of 
September, 1814. The corner-stone was laid on the 12th 
of September, 1815. The shaft of the Monument pre- 
sents a, fasces, symbolical of the Union ; the rods are bound 
by a fillet, on which are inscribed the names of the heroes 
killed, because by their death they strengthened the bands 
of the Union. The fasces is ornamented at the bottom 
in the north and south fronts with the bas-reliefs, one 
representing the battle of North Point and death of Gen- 
eral Eoss; the other, the bombardment of Fort McHenry. 

On the fronts, east and west, are lachrymal urns, em- 
blems of regrets and tears. On the top are wreaths of 
laurel and cypress, expressive of glory and mourning. 
Each centre of the Egyptian cornice is adorned with a 
winged globe; the globe represents eternity, the wings 
ti^ne. The edifice is constructed entirely of marble, sur- 
mounted by a statue, representing the City of Baltimore. 
In one hand is a rudder, emblem of navigation; in the 
other she raises a crown of laurel as she looks toward the 
field of battle. The Monument without the statue is 
42 feet 8 inches high, the statue 9 feet 6 inches — total 
height 52 feet 2 inches above the platform. M. Godfroy, 




THE BATTLE MONUMKHT. 



48 Weishmn2)eVs Baltimore Guide. 

architect; Antonio Capeleno, sculptor. It stands in the 
middle of Calvert St., near Fayette, on the site of the 
first court house, built in 1769 and demolished early this 
century. Opposite on the west is the second court house 
built in 1809, and now used for various offices. On the 
e;iRt side stands the new Post Office building. 
The following inscription appears : 



BATTLE OF NORTH POINT, 

12th of September, A.D. 1814, and of the Indej)endence of the 

United States the Thirty-ninth. 



BOMBARDMENT OF FORT MrHKNliY, 
Stjitembtr 13, A. 1). 1S14. 



J<jhn Lowry Dovaldion, Adjutant 21th Jietjimenl. 
Gregoriua Andre, Lieut. Ivt Eijle Battalion. 
Levi Clagett, Zd Lieut, in Nicholaon^H Artillerists. 

(r. Jenkins, H. G. McComan, 

D. Wells, J, Bitrnevton, 
J. Richardson, W. McClellun, 
R. K. Cooksey, \V. Alexander, 
G. Fallier, J. Wallack, 

T. V. Beeston, J. Jephson, 

J. C. Byrd, D. Howard, 

E. Marriott, W. Ways, 
J. H. Marriott, of John, J. Dunn, 

0. Bell, J. Armstrong, 

P. Byard, J. Clemm, 

M. Desk, B. Reynolds, 

T. Garrett, J. Craig, 

J. Gregg, J. Merriken, 

R. Neale, A. Randall, 

C. Cox. J. Evans, 

J. H. Cox, U. Prosser, 

J. Hanhert, L Wolf, 

B. Bond, D. Davis, 

In this enduring manner are perpetuated the names of 
the humblest soldiers as well as the titled officers who fell 
in that gallant defence of our city. We copy them to aid 
in honoring their memory as having died for their coun- 
try, and as deserving of our grateful recollection. 



WeishawjyeVs Baltimore Guide. 



49 



THE ODD FELLOWS' MONUMENT. 

This unique structure, 
subject to criticism as n 
work of art, but worthy of 
attention as one of the va- 
rieties of architectural de- 
sign with a technical pur- 
pose, is located on the high- 
est elevation of J^roadway, 
near East Baltimore street. 
Its object is to honor the 
memory of " Past Grand 
Sire" Thomas Wildey, who 
founded the Independent 
Order of Odd Fellows, in 
Baltimore, April 26, 1819, 
and to typify the progress 
of the Order from a rude 
beginning, until it has at- 
tained a noble and commanding rank. To embody this 
history, the design gives a rough granite base from wljich 
rises the white marble superstructure. On the base-block 
are carved the natural productions of this country, and 
several inscriptions, in part as follows : 
THOMAS WILDEY. 
BoRi^ Jai^. 15, 1783— Died Oct. 18, 1861. 
He who realizes that the true mission of man on earth is to 
rise above the level of individual influence, and to 
recognize the fatherhood of God over all, and the 
brotherhood of man, is ISature's true nobleman. 




^^ WeishampeV s Baltimore Guide. 

Above the base is the pedestal, having on it the seal of 
the Grand Lodge of the United States, carved in to-reZ^>/ 
and also representations of Hope and Charity. The pil- 
lar is Doric, typifying by the beauty and simplicity of its 
proportions the Order of Odd-Fellows. On the four faces 
of the entablature are carved the emblems of the Order: 
the three links, the heart and the hand, the bundle of rods, 
and the globe. A life-sized figure crowns the top, rep- 
resenting Charity protecting orphans. The height of 
the entire monument is 52 feet — cost $18,000. It was 
dedicated April 26, 1865, at which time an immense 
concourse of Odd-Fellows from all parts of the country 
assembled and paraded in full regalia with music, making 
the occasion one of fraternal union, and rejoicing at the 
return of peace between the States. 



THE McDONOGH STATUE. 

JoH^sr McDoNOGH was born in Baltimore in 1779, but 
resided the principal part of his life in N^ew Orleans. 

He was successful in mercantile pursuits, and especial- 
ly in the purchase of lands, which increased his wealth 
to millions. He lived very temperately and attained the 
age of seventy-one years. He was of a philanthropic 
character, a friend to colonization in Africa and other 
humane enterprizes. He bequeathed his fortune to the 
cities of New Orleans and Baltimore, for the founding of 
an institution for the education of poor children. 

A statue, considerably larger than life, is erected in 
Greenmount Cemetery to commemorate this benefaction. 

It represents a faithful figure of McDonogh, sculptured 
by Randolph, mounted on a massive pedestal, upon the 
sides of which is the following inscription, written by 
himself, (copied from his tomb in McDonogh, La.) 



WeishampeVs Balti^nore Guide. 



51 




"Here lies the body of John McDonogh, awaiting in firm and 
full faith the resurrection, and the coming of his glorious Lord, 
Redeemer and Master, to judge the world. Rules for my guid- 
ance in life. 1804 : Remember that labor is one of the conditions 
of our existence. Time is gold ; throw not one minute away, but 
place each to account. Do unto all men as you would be done 
by. Never put ofi" till to-morrow what you can do to-day.— 
Never bid another do what you can do yourself. Never covet 
what is not your own. Never think a matter so trivial as not to 
deserve notice. Never give out that which does not first come in. 
Never spend but to produce. Let the greatest order regulate the 
transactions of your life. " Study in the course of your life to do 
the greatest possible amount of good. Deprive yourself of nothing 
necessary to your comfort, but liveinan honorable simplicity and 
frugality. Labor then to the last moment of your existence.— 
Pursue strictly the above rules, and the Divineblessingand riches 
of every kind will flow upon you to yourheart'scontent, but first 
of all remember that the chief and great study of your life should 
be to tend by all the means in your power to the honor and glory 
of the Divine Creator. * * The conclusion to which I have arrived 
is, that without temperance there is no health, without virtue no 
order, without religion no happiness, and the sum of our being i*s 
to live wisely, soberly and righteously." 



52 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, 

WELLS AND McOOMAS MONUMENT. 

Daniel Wells and Henry G. McOomas are celebrated 
as having slain General Eoss, who commanded the British 
forces in their attack on Baltimore, Sept. 12, 1814. The 
conflict occurred near North Point. The youths were 
in turn immediately killed by the foe. Their remains 
were buried, but in 1858, were re-interred in Ashland 
Square, at the intersection of Gay, Monument and Ais- 
quith streets. In 1873, a plain, substantial monument 
was erected over the grave, at a cost of |3,500. 

THE AKMISTEAD MONUMENT. 

In 1827, the city authorities erected a memorial over 
the City Spring on Calvert street, near Saratoga, in honor 
of Col. George Armistead, who commanded the forces of 
Fort McHenry during its bombardment by the British, 
Sept. 13 and 14, 1814. The grounds of the Spring be- 
coming unpopular, and the stone much defaced by time, 
the City Council in 1882 ordered another to be erected 
in its stead on "Eutaw Place," which was done with ap- 
propriate ceremony. In 1886, improvements having been 
made at Federal Hill Park, it was decided that this em- 
inence was a more appropriate location for the monument, 
and it was accordingly removed and placed upon the 
north-east summit of the imposing Hill, overlooking the 
harbor, and in sight of the Fort so gallantly defended by 
the hero. The monument is about seventeen feet high, 
surmounted by a bomb and cannon balls. A sword and 
scabbard are sculptured upon the base, and four cannon 
stand on end around the pillar, all of marble. It is in- 
scribed ''Esto perpehmm." Dates are given of the items 
of Col. Armistead's career, and close with the statement 
that "he died universally esteemed and regretted, April 
25, 1818, aged 39 years. 



Weisham2)eVs Baltimore Guide. 53 

EIDGELY MONUMENT. 

The Odd Fellows have erected a beautiful monument 
in Harlem Park, surmounted by a statue, to the memory 
of their distinguished member, James L. Uidgely, who 
for fifty years labored for the spread of the Order and the 
good of humanity, as Secretary of the Grand Lodge of 
Maryland, and the Grand Lodge of the United States. 

The monument is of marble, elaborately carved with 
appropriate inscriptions on all sides, the front having the 
name of the honored dead, with the date: Born" Jak. 27, 
1807; Died Nov. 18, 1881. The statue is of bronze, a 
fine life-like figure, and stands some thirty feet above the 
base. Altogether, the memorial is one of the handsomest 
in our city. 

TOMB OF EDGAR A. POE. 

Our cemeteries contain the remains of many justly cel- 
ebrated men, prominent in their day in literature, religion, 
society and the army, but their tombs are not regarded 
as public shrines, excepting one here and there, as in the 
case of Edgar Allen Poe. The novels and poems of this 
writer occupy a singular place in literature, and have 
achieved for him a wide reputation as an original genius, 
especially in the conception of the grotesque and horrible, 
a keen critic, and an accomplished artist in language. 
Many readers have supposed that personal remorse was 
the motive of his most famous poem, "The Raven," but 
his explanation of its construction dissipates any sug- 
gestion of genuine feeling. His severe criticisms upon 
contemporary authors excited much hostility against 
him, and provoked a long disparaging public discussion 
of his character and poetry; but that has passed away 
and he is now accorded a permanent place in the highest 
rank of literary celebrities. 



64 WeishamjyeV s Baltimore Guide. 

Several years ago, the admirers of Poe in this city col- 
lected some thousands of dollars, largely among the pub- 
lic schools, and erected a substantial memorial, which 
was dedicated with public ceremonies, Nov. 1, 1875, in 
the Westminster grave-yard, on the corner of Fayette and 
Greene streets. It is ornamented on the front with a 
medallion portrait, which is said to be a fine likeness of 
Poe. The monument bears the inscription : Edgar Allan 
Poe, Born Jan. 20, 1809; Died Oct. 7, 1849. 



MERCHANTS' SHOT TOWEE. 

This lofty building, cor- 
ner of Front and Fayette sts., 
is the only one remaining of 
the three which formerly 
attracted the curiosity of 
strangers. One on Gay st. 
was removed about 1850, 
and one on Eutaw st., near 
Camden, was burned out 
and removed about 1856. 
The present tower was built 
in 1828, on the site of the 
first Baptist meeting house 
built in Baltimore. The height is 246 feet, base 40 feet 
in diameter, top 20 feet. The walls are 4^ feet thick at 
the ground, tapering to 18 inches at the summit. The 
masonry is well done and comprises about 1,100,000 
bricks. It is said the top oscillates eight or ten inches 
during a strong wind. The prospect from this tower is 
fine, but it is not open to the public. Several years ago 
the woodwork of the interior was burnt out. The tower 
presents quite a novel appearance, and can be seen to 
advantage from Gay street^ looking down Fayette street, 




THE HSR0HANT8' 



SHOT TOWBB. 



Weisham2)eVs Baltimore Gtiide. 



^ji^^Wf.^ 



55 




FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH. 

There are over two hundred church edifices in Balti- 
more, besides niimerons halls, used by religions societies. 
We indicate the most prominent of these under their 
denominational headings, so that the reader may be able 
at a glance to learn of their location and characteristic^. 



56 



WiishmnpeVs Baltimore Guide. 




yeverilh Baptist Church. 

BAPTIST.— This denomination has the following 
houses of worship: First, on Lan vale st., built in 1878, 
at a cost of $60,000, (in place of the old "round top" 
edifice erected in 1817, on Sharp st., now removed.) The 
Seventh, a commodious and elegant building on the 
comer of Paca and Saratoga sts., built in 1847, at a cost 




Grace Baptist Church. 



WeisTianipeVs Baltimore Guide, 57 

of $10,000. Several meetings of the Southern Baptist 
Convention have been held there. The Eutaw Place 
Church, costing |100,000, built in 1871, of marble, with 
a tower 187 feet high. T. U. Walter, architect of the 
Capitol at Washington, designed this beautiful edifice, 
a fine engraving of which is presented on the next page. 




Fuller Memorial Baptist Church. 

Fuller Memorial Church, corner of Carey and Presst- 
man sts., in memory of Rev. Eichard Fuller, D. D., for 
thirty years a minister in this city, and who deceased 
in 1876. Immanuel, corner of North Avenue and St- 
Paul St., Frai^klik Square, Lee St., High St., Grace, 
corner of Caroline and Preston sts., and the Second, on 
Broadway, besides a number of others less conspicuous. 
In addition, there are several spacious buildings, costing 
from ten to twenty thousand dollars each, owned by the 
colored Baptists: the Union church on North st, the 
First, on Caroline st., the Calyary, on Park Avenue, 
and the I^eadeijhall st, church, There are about 10,000 




j:utaw Place Baptist Church. 



WeishampeVs Balti7nore Guide. 



69 




Union Baptist Church. 

members reported as belonging to this denomination, 
nearly equally distributed between white and colored. 

CONGREGATIONAL. 

The First Congregational Church, on Eutaw street, 
near Dolphin, is built of granite, is grown over with vines, 
has a handsome grass plat in front, and presents a very 
picturesque appearance, 



60 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 



CATHOLIC. 

This city is the seat of the oldest archbishopric in this 
country, and has always ranked among the first in impor- 
tance in Catholic population and respectability. The 
Cathedral is the chief edifice; it is built of porphyritic 
granite, hauled from a point near EUicott City, by teams 
of oxen, and has so far resisted the ravages of time, and 
is in an' admirable state of preservation. On Sunday 
afternoon, July 6, 1806, the foundation stone was laid 
by Right Eev. John Carroll, bishop of Baltimore, in the 
presence of a vast auditory that filled the adjacent hills. 
Work was immediately commenced, and was continued 
uninterruptedly till 1812, when the British war neces- 
sitated its suspension for several years. In 1817, labor 
was again resumed, and thence progressed until 1821, 
when the building was completed. It is severely plain 
in appearance, excepting the front, which has a handsome 
porch and entablature supported by several lofty marble 
columns. It is 190 feet long, 197 feet broad; its dome is 
69 feet in diameter arid 95 feet from centre of dome to 
the floor, with cross on top 32 feet higher. The organ 
has 600 pipes and 39 stops. There are several very fine 
paintings upon the interior. The mammoth bell was 
imported from Marseilles, France. Numerous councils 
of bishops have transpired at the Cathedral. In 1822, 
the remains of Dr. Can oil, first archbishop, were con- 
signed to its present sepulchre beneath the archiepiscopal 
throne. Since that time successive deceased archbishops 
have been laid beside him. Each incumbent reposes in 
death, clad in the richest pontifical vestments, each 
mausoleum having a depth of ten feet, a breadth of four 
feet, and a height of seven feet. Cardinal Gibbons re- 



Weishamjjet' s Baltimore Gttide. 61 

ceived his dignities in this Cathedral in 1886, amidst 
imposing ceremonies, attended by clergy from all parts 
of the country. 




St. Alphonsus' Church. 

St. Alphonsus' chnrch is 154 feet long and 64 feet 
wide, and has a steeple 205 feet high. Its location is on 
the prominent corner of Park Ave. and Saratoga St., 
and is in full view of Baltimore Street. St. Ignatius' 



60 WeishamjMVs Baltimore Guide. 



CATHOLIC. 

Tliis city is the seat of the oldest archbishopric in this 
country, and has always ranked among the first in impor- 
tance in Catholic population and respectability. The 
Cathedral is the chief edifice; it is built of porphyritic 
granite, hauled from a point near Ellicott City, by teams 
of oxen, and has so far resisted the ravages of time, and 
is in an admirable state of preservation. On Sunday 
afternoon, July 6, 1806, the foundation stone was laid 
by Right Kev. John Carroll, bishop of Baltimore, in the 
presence of a vast auditory that filled the adjacent hills. 
Work was immediately commenced, and was continued 
uninterruptedly till 1812, when the British war neces- 
sitated its suspension for several years. In 1817, labor 
was again resumed, and thence progressed until 1821, 
when the building was completed. It is severely plain 
in appearance, excepting the front, which has a handsome 
porch and entablature supported by several lofty marble 
columns. It is 190 feet long, 197 feet broad; its dome is 
69 feet in diameter and 95 feet from centre of dome to 
the floor, with cross on top 32 feet higher. The organ 
has 600 pipes and 39 stops. There are several very fine 
paintings upon the interior. The mammoth bell was 
imported from Marseilles, Fiance. Numerous councils 
of bishops have transpired at the Cathedral. In 1822, 
the remains of Dr. Can oil, first archbishop, were con- 
signed to its present sepulchre beneath the archiepiscopal 
throne. Since that time successive deceased archbishops 
have been laid beside him. Each incumbent reposes in 
death, clad in the richest pontifical vestments, each 
mausoleum having a depth of ten feet, a breadth of four 
feet, and a height of seven feet. Cardinal Gibbons re- 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 61 

ceived his dignities in this Cathedral in 1886, amidst 
imposing ceremonies, attended by clergy from all parts 
of the conn try. 




St. Alphonsus' Church. 

St. Alphoksus' church is 154 feet long and 64 feet 
wide, and has a steeple 205 feet high. Its location is on 
the prominent corner of Park Ave. and Saratoga St., 
and is in full view of Baltimore Street. St. Ignatius' 



^2 Weishampet s Baltimore Guide. 

church, corner Calvert and Read sts., is imposing in ap- 
pearance and size, as indeed are almost all the churches 
of this denomination. The authorities build with a wise 
reference to location and durability; the sites they choose 
are the most eligible in and around the city, and their 
walls are laid in the most substantial manner. In this 
respect they are models for imitation* These remarks 
apply to St. Maetin's, on Fulton Ave., St. Peter's, on 
Poppleton St., St. Vincent de Paul's, on Front St., 
St. Patrick's, on Broadway, St. Michael's, on Lom- 
bard St., St. Pius', on Edmondson Avenue, St. Borro- 
MEo's, on Gilmor St., and in fact nearly all the Catholic 
houses, a list of which, numbering over thirty, may be 
seen in the city directory. Statues and paintings and 
frescoes of considerable merit adorn the walls and ceilings 
of many, and add to their attractions for the casual vis- 
itor as well as the communicant. 

St. Xavier's Church, colored, 
cor. Calvert and Pleasant streets, 
was formerly occupied by a Uni- 
versal ist society, and popularly 
used for lyceums and lectures. 

Besides the churches, there are 
many large schools, monasteries, 

ST. XAVIER'S. . , .,10 • T 

nunneries, hospitals, &c., m and 
near the city, some of them handsomely built and of 
commanding appearance, the names of which are given 
in our list of Miscellaneous Public Institutions. 

CHRISTIAN. 
This Church, known as Disciples', is located on Paca 
St., near Lombard st. 

EVANGELICAL.— This body has houses of worship 
on Greene st., near German, on McElderry st., and on 
Edmondson Ave., near Fremont. 




Weishan^wt s Baltimore Ouide. 6^ 

FRIENDS. — This Association has several plain meet- 
ing houses, cor. Eutaw and Monument sts., Lombard st. 
near Eutaw, and cor. Aisquith and Fayette. Its member- 
ship is numerous and influential. 

INDEPENDENT.— ZiOK, German, erected 1808, on 
Gay St., near Saratoga, with a large day school attached. 

JEWISH. — There are about twelve synagogues, located 
on Hanover st., near Pratt, Lloyd, near E. Baltimore st, 
Lexington st., near Pine, Eden st., near Lo-mbard, and 
elsewhere. 

LUTHERAN. 

The First English Lutheran church, on Lexington 
St., having been burnt in the fire of 1873, the congrega- 
tion erected another on Fremont and Lanvale sts. It is 
of marble, has a fine tower and overlooks the city from 
an elevated position. The Second, on Lombard st., near 
Greene, as well as the other houses of this denomination, 
of which there are about a dozen, are all plain, but suf- 
ficiently commodious. St. Paul's German Independent 
Lutheran Church is a fine brick edifice, with a spire, on 
the corner of Fremont and Saratoga sts. 




Charles St. M. E. Chureh. 



u 



WeishampeVs Baltimore GuicU. 




Mt. Vernon Methodist Episcopal Church. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL. 

The Methodist Episcopal denomination numbers about 
40,000 members in this city. They have about sixty 
churches. While most of their houses of worship are 
plain and unpretentious, several of them rank among the 
most expensive and beautiful in the city, the handsomest 
of which is the Mount Vernon, which is built in Gothic 
style, of various colors of marble and other stone and 
brick, is elaborately ornamented, and has three spireF. 
No picture, unless carefully colored, and no mere descrip- 
tion, can give the reader a notion of its appearance, con- 
trasting agreeably, as it does, with the noble, plain marble 
shaft of the Monument and the equally plain Peabody 
Institute. The cost of the ground was $100,000, and the 
building, $300,000. Erected 1873; Dixon & Garson, 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 65 

Architects. The Madison Avenue M. E. Church is an 
imposing brick building, with Grecian front and pillars; 
Madison Avenue, cor. ToAvnsend. Grace, near Lafayette 
Square, is a fine stone structure, in Gothic style. Har- 
lem Park, on Gilmor street, is beautifully located. 
Whatcoat, cor. Strieker and Presstman st., is a brick 
building, with a fine spire. Eutaw, on Eutaw st., near 
Mulberry, is an old-time church remodeled. Straw- 
bridge is a handsome stone structure on Park Avenue, 
near Wilson st. Columbia St., Monument St., Sharp 
St., Broadway, Jackson Square, and other churches 
we could name, are all neatly but not expensively built. 
The First Church, just erected on St. Paul st., beyond 
Boundary Ave., is a commanding stone edifice, quite 
unique in appearance.* 

*The oldest Methodist congregation in Baltimore built the 
'♦Lovely Lane meeting liouse" in 1774. In that building ''The 
Methodist Episcopal Church of America" was organized in 1784. 

In 1884, this congregation laid the foundations of "The I^'irst 
Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of St. Paul Ave. and Third 
St., and completed it in 1887, the fifth building it has occupied in 
one hundred and thirteen years. The structure stands 123 feet 
above tide, on a lot of ground 150x184 feet, covering nearly the 
entire lot. It is of the Etruscan style of architecture; built of 
granite, and roofed with the old Roman S shaped tile. It includes 
the main audience room, the largest of any church in the City; 
a chapel, Sunday School and classrooms, readingand reception 
rooms, office, parlor, kitchen, parsonage, &c., and is second to 
none in the United States in its c(nnpleteness and convenience 
for general Church work. Every article of furniture and detail 
of ornamentation was made from special drawings, and are all 
in hardwood, stucco or stone. At the south-east corner rises a 
massive and dignified Campanile, 186 feet in height. The cost 
was about $250,000. 

Adjoining the Church, extending along St. Paul Ave., for two 
blocks, are the grounds of "The Woman's College of Baltimore 
City," an Institution founded by the M. E. Church for the higher 
education of women. The buildings are of the same general style 
of architecture and material as the Church adjacent. 



68 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 



towers, the principal one being 250 feet liigh. Graceful, 
majestic, and profusely ornamental, this entire edifice 
receives much admiration. It is sufficiently spacious 
for a large congregation. The main spire rises towards 
the clouds in dignity and splendor and is truly a "thing 
of beauty." We know of nothing of the same style of 
architecture, to surpass it. The parsonage adjoining, is 
built of yellow stone and stands as a pleasing relief to 
the brown stone of the sanctuary. (Starkweather, archi- 




Wcstminstei- Presbyterian Church. 

tect.) The Westmi:n^ister, cor. Green and Fayette sts., 
has a lofty turreted tower, which attracts the attention of 
literary sight-seers particularly, from the fact that it over- 



WeisTiampeVs Baltimore Gioide. 



69 




Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church. 



shadows the grave of Poe. The Browk Memorial is a 
spacious marble edilice in Gothic style, cor. of Park and 
Townsend sts. The Secokd is a handsome two-steepled 
structure, cor. East Baltimore and Lloyd sts. The 
Frakklin Square is a neat marble edifice, contrasting 
with the verdure of the opposite park. The Central, 
which was burned in the great conflagration of 1873, on 
Saratoga st., is renewed in a handsome structure on Eu- 



70 . WeisharnpeVs Baltimore Guide. 

taw Place. The Boundary Avenue Church, on the 
corner of St. Paul street, is an expensive and beautiful 
building, and shows to great advantage. Faith Church, 
corner of Broadway and Biddle street, is another attract- 
ive edifice. Indeed, the increase of beautiful Church 
buildings is so rapid of late years, as to preclude more 
than a mere mention of them, for want of space. 

PEOTESTANT EPISCOPAL. 

This denomination has a large membership and numer- 
ous church edifices, many of which are consistent with 
the prevailing English Gothic style which has become so 
generally followed. St. Peter's church on Druid Hill 
Avenue is a fine example. It is from the same model that 
many of our fashionable churches are patterned, and 
therefore they are very similar. Grace, corner of Madison 
and Park sts., St. Luke's, near Franklin Square, Christ, 
cor. St. Paul and Chase sts., and others, are all imposing 
buildings. Emmanuel, cor. Read andCathedral sts., is a 
massive stone edifice, with a great tower, and reminds one 
of a feudal age fortress. St. Paul's, corner of Charles 
and Saratoga sts., rebuilt on the site of the first church 
erected here, in 1741, is remodeled after a composite de- 
sign, and has a high square tower, which resembles the 
campanile at Venice. There are about thirty church 
buildings, besides schools, guilds and humane institu- 
tions, connected with this denomination. 

Episcopal (PtEFORMEO.) — The Cummins Memorial, 
in honor of Bishop Cummins; an elaborate stone edifice, 
on CarroUton Ave., op})osite Lafayette Square. 

REFORMED.— The First, Calvert st., near Read, and 
Third, cor. Saratoga and Paca, are the chief. 

SWEDENBORGIAN.— Calvert sL, near Chase. 



Weishamimr s Baltimore Guide, 



71 



UNITED BRETHREN.— This German and English 
body has several houses of worship, the oldest of which 
is historical, having been erected by Rev. Wni. Otterbein 
about 1790, on Conway st., near Hanover. It has a tower 
and bell, and still stands as a memento of the past. 

UNIVERSALIST.— A commodious building, E. Bal- 
timore St., near Central Avenue. 

UNITARIAN. 

About 1817, the First 
Independent Church was 
elected on the corner of 
Charles and Franklin sts., 
by a society of Unitarians, 
Rev. Jared Sparks, pastor. 
The building, which is 
handsome and imposing, 
still remains in good preservation, bearing upon its front 
the inscription in Greek : "To the One God." 




FIRST INDEPENDENT CHURCH 




(First Baptist Church, corner Sharp and Lombard Sts., built 1817, 
demolished 1877.) 



72 WeishamjyeVs Baltimore Guide. 

*' Mourn not the dead— shed not a tear 

Above the moss-stained sculptured stone, 
But weep tor those whose livhig woes 
Still yield the bitter, rending groan. 

Grieve not to see the eyelids close 

In rest that has not fevered start; 
Wish not to break the deep repose 

That curtains round the pulseless heart. 

But keej) thy pity for the eyes 

That pray for night, yet fear to sleep, 

Lest wilder, sadder visions rise 

Than those o'er which they waking weep. 

Mourn not the dead, — 'tis they alone 

Who are the peaceful and the free; 
The purest olive branch is known 

To twine about the cypress tree. 

Crime, pride and passion, hold no more 

The willing or the struggling slave; 
The throbbing pangs of love are o'er 

And hatred dwells not in the grave. 

The world may pour its venomed blame 

And fiercely spurn the shroud-wrapped bierj 

Some few may call upon the name, 
And sigh to meet a dull, cold ear. 

But vain the scorn that would offend, 

111 vain the lips that would beguile; 
The coldest foe, the warmest friend. 

Are mocked by death's unchanging smile. ' 

The only -signal that can tell 

Of peace and freedom won by all. 
Is echoed by the tolling bell, 

And traced ujjon the sable pall 1" 

Eliza Cook. 

GREENMOUNT CEMETERY. 
"Greenmount" was the name given to the country 
seat of Robert Oliver, on the northern limits of the city. 
During bis life he spared no expense in adorning it, and 
left it at his death a most lovely spot. In 1838, it was 
purchased from his heirs by an association of gentlemen, 
for the purposes of a Cemetery, which was dedicated July 
13; 1839. Revs. Drs. W. E. Wyatt and J. G. Hamner 



WeishawpePs Baltimore (juide. 1'B 

performed the religions services; J. H. B. Latrobe, Esq., 
and Hon. John P. Kennedy participating with addresses. 
The first interment at Greenmount occurred December 
27, 1839, that of an infant. The grounds are now cov- 
ered with monumental tombs and other adornments of 
respect and affection for the dead. This Cemetery, as 
well as the others we mention, is conducted with great 
attention to its requirements and care to preserve it from 
desecration. Many distinguished persons are interred 
within its walls. The mausoleum is of the Egyption 
order, sufficiently large to contain eighty bodies; it cost 
$3,400. The chapel is a Gothic structure of brown stone, 
with stained windows, and cost $30,000. The stone wall 
cost $60,000, and the gateway $10,500. The Cemetery 
is bounded by the York Hoad, Hoffman, Ensor sts., and 
North Ave. Strangers from abroad can obtain* admit- 
tance generally, through the week, on application at the 
office, 6 E. Lexington st., or at the gate of the Cemetery. 
The general rule is not to admit any person (especially 
on Sunday) unless in company with a lotholder, or 
one of his family, luitli a ticket. Here are seen hundreds 
of the most costly and sculptured monuments reared by 
affection, and sometimes ostentation, to the memory of 
departed relatives. Interspersed are plainer tombs and 
smaller head-stones. x\mong the most noticable graves 
in Greenmount, are those of Gen. Wm. H. Winder, 
defender of Baltimore in 1812-14; Maj. Sam'l Einggold, 
killed by a wound received in the battle of Palo Alto, 
Mexico, in 1845 ; Ferguson, the heroic Mayor of Norfolk, 
Va., who died, while administering to the sick, during 
the yellow fever, some years ago; Junius Brutus Booth, 
the tragedian, father of Edwin Booth; Commodore Lynch, 
explorer of the Red Sea, in 1848; Johns Hopkins, the 
millionaire; Thomas Wildey, founder of Odd Fellowship 
in the United States; Richard Fuller, the eminent Bap- 



74 WeishmnpeVs Baitimore Guide, 

tisfc preacher; John McDonogh, the philanthropist, J.W. 
Garrett, President of the B. & 0. Eailroad, Tho. Winans, 
the railway contractor, and many other public citizens, 
honored and famous in Baltimore, during the past fifty 
years. 

BALTIMORE CEMETERY. 

This commodious burial place was opened about 1850. 
It lies in the northeast corner of the City limits, at 
the terminus of the Gay Street line of cars. It is on high 
ground, comprises about 100 acres, overlooking the City. 
It contains many handsome tombs, and is becoming more 
and more beautiful as a city of the dead. Office, 8 South 
Street. 

LOUDON PARK CEMETERY. 

This Cemetery is located west of the City, comprising 
about 100 acres, on the Frederick Road. From sev- 
eral points the City and Bay can be overlooked. There 
are, among the tombs, several life-size figures of the Sav- 
iour and Gabriel, embossed and figured urns, executed in 
the finest marble, by W. H. Rhinehart, beside other fine 
marble work. Office, 229 K Charles st. 

MOUNT OLIVET OEM KTERY, located on the Fred- 
erick Road, 2 miles west of the City Hall. 

WESTERN CEMETERY, situated about half a mile 
from the City on the Ellicott's Mills Road. 

MOUNT CARMEL CEMETERY, Office, 187 South 
Broadway. 

LAUREL CEMETERY, Office, 18 Courtland Street. 

ST. PETER'S CEMETERY, west of the City limits. 

Also, the following: Laurel, Holy Cross, Hebrew, 
Lorraine, Friends', Cedar Hill, Bonnie Brae and Crema- 
tion Cemeteries. (See Directory.) 



WeishmnpeVs Baltimore Guide. % 

JfuMANE |n?TITUTIO|^^. 



' Sek! tender Pity comes — at >ier con'ml 
Drops the hi-,' teHV and melts tlie stu»)br»in soul. 
ITenc" rose yen pile, win re sickness finds relief, 
Where lenient ca-e alleys the weijrht ot ^I'lef ; 
Yon spacious roof, where hushed in calm repose, 
The drooping widow half forgets her woes; 
Yon calm retreat, where screened from every ill 
The helpless orphan's throbbing heart lies still, 
And finds delighted in the peaceful dome 
A better parent and a happier home." 

EvQlish Poet. 



This City has a great number of public and private 
institutions for humane purposes — so many indeed, that 
we cannot name them all here. But our list will show 
a scope of generous and well directed effort sufficient to 
elevate the reputation of any community, and we can but 
feel justly proud to record it. 

BAY VIEW ASYLUM. 
The Bay Yiew Asylum, erected in 1866 for the paupers 
of the City, is the first prominent building that strikes 
the eye of the traveler as he approaches the City on the 
Philadelphia Railroad, and of the voyager entering the 
harbor. It is situated upon a hill high enough to ren- 
der it conspicuous for many miles. Some $700,000 have 
been expended on the premises, and every modern appli- 
ance afforded to render the Asylum and its grounds equal 
to the best. The wings and centre building give an ag- 
gregate front of 714 feet, whilst it is three stories in 
height, including the basement. It is built of Baltimore 
brick of excellent quality, has a massive entrance of gran- 
ite with a roof and entablature supported by large fluted 
columns, and presents an imposing appearance. One 
striking feature of the interior is the main hall of the 
principal story, which extends the entire length of the 
structure, is of unusual height, and supplied with tassel- 



% 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 



lated marble flooring. This hall, as well as those above 
it, communicates by spacious doorways to nearly all the 
principal rooms, and thereby contributes much to the 
ventilation, a very desirable feature in so large a building. 

The principal arrangement for ventilation is a large 
stack of brick, the foundation of which is on a level with 
the superstructure, while the top ascends above the roof» 
thereby passing a continual current of air. The top of 
the cupola rises to a height of 184 feet, the base is 100 
feet above tide-water. Architect, John W. Hogg. Seven 
millions of brick were used in the work. 

The grounds consist of forty-six acres. Water is con- 
veyed from Mt. Koyal Reservoir, a distance of five and a 
half miles, at an expense for pipes, &c., of over $65,000. 
Permits for visitors must be obtained from the Trustees. 




Bay View Asylum. 



Weishampers Baltmiore Guidet 77 

From the Reports of the Trustees we learn that about 
2,500 persons are annually admitted to Bay view, about 
one-half of whom are of foreign birth, one-fourth natives 
of Baltimore, and one fourth from other parts of the U. 
S., and about one-fourth the number are colored. A large 
number suffer from disease and debauchery and are 
treated by competent physicians. Three-foicrths are ad- 
dicted to i\\Q w^^ oi intoxicating liquors. The annual 
average of inmates is from 800 to 900. About 50 males 
and 100 females are insane. The births are annually 
about 60; deaths 200. The annual expense is over 
$70,000, or about |80 per annual average for each pauper. 
Of the number admitted about three-fourths are between 
the ages twenty and fifty years. More than one-half are 
males, about one-thirtieth are children under ten years. 
About |25,000 worth of work is done by the inmates. 
Over 900 tons of coal are burned. Nearly 1,500 barrels 
of flour are used, also about 1,000 lbs. tea, 5,000 lbs. cof- 
fee, 1,700 lbs. tobacco, 133,000 lbs. meats, 22,000 lbs. 
sugar, 7,500 lbs. soap, 680 gallons molasses. 




wmmm 

HOUSE OF REFUGE. 
The House of Refuge for vagrant, vicious and incorri- 
gible children of both sexes, was opened in 1855, and has 
been highly successful in reforming many young people 
who might otherwise have been entirely lost to virtuous 
society. The average number of inmates is about 300. 
Since 1873 they have been restricted to hoys only. The 
courts and magistrates have power of commitment. The 



"^8 Weishampers Baltimore Guide, 

inmates are subject to disciplinary regulation, and every 
effort made to improve their character. Trades are taught, 
and a common school education provided by competent 
instructors. The buildings are of stone, massive and 
extensive, with several acres of ground attached, and are 
located west of the City, near the Frederick Road, and 
reached by the Catonsville Passenger cars. The expen- 
ses are jointly paid by the City and State and the labor 
of the workshops. Religious instruction is given by 
voluntary teachers on Sunday. 

FEMALE HOUSE OF REFUGE. 
This Institution was organized in 1866 and located in 
the County. The object is to reclaim vicious and un- 
manageable girls and to educate and train them morally. 
In 1873, the girls were transferred from the House of 
Refuge for male and female, to this House. Since then* 
a fine property has been secured in Baltimore City, and 
is now occupied as a State Institution. Rev. Dr. Frank- 
lin Wilson, and other prominent citizens of Baltimore 
have been the chief organizers and support of this Insti- 
tution, for particulars of which persons may address the 
Superintendent, corner of Carey and Baker Sts. 

MOUNT HOPE RETREAT. 

This Retreat for the insane is on the Reisterstown 
Road, four miles from the City. It has a front of 76 feet 
and depth of 160 feet, and is six stories high. There is 
every convenience for the comfort of patients. The 
grounds about the building are beautifully located. 

MARYLAND PRISONERS' AID ASSOCIATION. 

Incorporated 1873. Its object is to reach the heart 
and will of prisoners and convicts in jails, penitentiaries 
and almshouses, while undergoing sentence, and when 
they are discharged, to aid them to employment and a 



WeishauipcVs BaUiinoro Guide. 79 

life of honesty. This society is accomplishing a truly 
Samaritan work and deserves encoura<2;einent. Donations 
and subscriptions received, address 



■t)^ 



SOCIETY FOR IMPIIOVING THE CONDITION OF 
THE POOR. 
This Association was organized in 1849, by a number 
of benevolent citizens. Its object is to discourage indis- 
criminate almsgiving, street begging, pauperism and 
idleness; and to elevate the moral and physical condition 
of the indigent and, so far as compatible with these ob- 
jects, the relief of their necessities. The aim is to aid 
the poor — not to supjjort them. The agents visit, and. 
see for themselves, the needs and condition of applicants 
for relief, ere they relieve them. Those who are found 
really unable to support themselves, are aided at once 
with what they most need, either fuel, food, clothing or 
medicine. They do not expend the bounty of the char- 
itable upon imposters, but they see that the money so 
freely and trustfully given, is worthily bestowed and its 
merits not lost to the really necessitous, by being expend- 
ed upon those who are able to live without it. Every 
year a large amount is distributed in the shape of fuel, 
food and clothing, among poor families, comprising 
thousands of persons. This relief is raised by voluntary 
contributions. Main ofiice, Y. M. C. A. Building. 

THE BALTIMORE MANUAL LABOR SCHOOL, 

The Farm School is located about 7 miles from the 
City on the Washington Turnpike, and includes a farm 
of 140 acres. It is an Institution designed for the raising 
and education of poor boys between 5 and 15 years, who 
are taught trades, and are cared for until the age of 21, 
unless otherwise arranged. It was organized about 1840, 
and has been of great benefit to the cla^s for which it w^s 
designecL 



80 WeishanipeV s Baltimore Guide. 

MARYLAND INSTITUTION FOR INSTRUCTION 
OF THE BLIND. 

"But chief of an, 
O, loss of sight! of this I most complain 
Light, the prime work of God, to me extinctj 
And all her various objects of delight 
Annulled, which might in part my griefs have cased 
Inferior to the vilest now become 
Of man or worm. The vilest here excel me, 
They creep, yet see ; I dark in light, exposed 
To daily fraud, contempt, abuse and wrong; 
Within doors or without, still as a fool. 
The power of others, never in my own, 
Scarce half I seem to live, dead more than half. 

O, dark, dark, dark! amid the blaze of noorit 
Irrecoverably dark I total tclipse I 

Without all hope of dayT' 

Milton. 

This Institution has about fifty pupils. It has met 
with success since its incorporation in 1853, and has a 
beautiful and extensive building on North Avenue, near 
Charles street, erected at a cost of $140,000. The in- 
mates of the Blind Asylum at Washington, D. C, were 
transferred to this place, along with many valuable books 
and apparatus to facilitate the education of blind per- 
sons. There are stated hours when visitors are admitted 
to view the progress made by the students. 

THE BALTIMORE ORPHAN ASYLUM. 
This is a large and commodious building on Strieker 
street, near Lexington, in a high and healthy part of the 
City, affording accommodation for 100 boys and 200 girls, 
with a play ground attached. It was founded in 1801, 
for the education and maintenance of poor orphan child- 
ren under nine years of age. The management of this 
humane work has been carried on principally by the ef- 
forts of a number of well-known, noble-hearted women, 
aided by donations from the charitable. A contribution 
of $50 will constitute a life member; $10 and $5 will 
constitute grades of annual membership. The Institu- 
tion is open on Thursdays and Fridays to visitors, frorji 
g to 7 p. M, 



WeishampeVs Baltmore Guide. 



81 




DNION PROTKSTANT INFIRMARY. 

UNION PROTESTAKT INFIRMARY. 

The object of this Institution is to provide "a Christian 
asylum for the reception of the sick and suffering, where 
they may receive kind nursing and skilful medical treat- 
ment, at reasonable rates, or gratuitously, as circum- 
stances may require, and may enjoy the privilege of 
reading the sacred Scriptures, and the consolation of 
Protestant religious instruction." Corner of Mosher 
and Division sts. 

HENl:iY WATSON CniLDREN^'S AID SOCIETY. 

No. 72 N. Calvert Street, near Pleasant. This truly 
benevolent Society is prepared to receive, clothe, feed 
and protect children, coming from any part of the City 
or State, between the ages of 8 and 15 for boys, and 8 and 
13 for girls. No children are refused, if coming within 
the specified age^ and tliey are not only fed, clothed and 
cared for, while at the "Home," but are looked after, 
visited frequently and properly prote:ted after suitable 
places have been secured for them in the country. The 
agent of the Society often visits the country, taking 
children, who have arrived at the proper age, to suitable 



§2 WeishaDijjel^s Baltimore Guide, 

homes which have been found for them, and where they 
may be trained to useful employments, and have the op- 
portunity to become in after life honorable members of 
the community. 

McDONOGH FARM SCHOOL. 
This philanthropic institution for the education and 
training of poor bo^'s, and founded by the late John 
McDonogh, (see page 50,) is located near Pikesville, five 
miles from Baltimore, on the Western Maryland Kailroad. 
There are about fifty boys in charge. The buildings are 
suited for the purpose, with ample grounds. 

THOS. WILSON SANITARIUM FOR CHILD REN. 

Located on a farm of 147 acres near the McDonogh 
School Farm. It is about 573 feet above tide, with a 
diversified woodland and meadow prospect. Gwjnn's 
Falls passes through, and numerous springs furnish 
water.- For sick children and their mothers, during the 
heat of summer, this location is most eligible. Office in 
City Hall. 

JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL. 

This Institution is located on Broadway, between 
Monument and Jefferson streets. It comprises a mass 
of buildings artistically arranged for symmetrical archi- 
tectural effect, and containing within its walls tlil latest 
appliances of art, science and medicine, for the reception 
and treatment of the sick, and the cure of disease. No 
hospital in the world has superior arrangements for 
the accomplishment of its humane purposes. Under 
certain wise regulations, the Hospital is free to all, that 
it may extend the widest reach of benefit to suffering 
humanity, without regard to creed or color. 

SPRING GROVE INSANE ASYLUM. 
In 1798 the Maryland Hospital for the Insane was 
founded, and in 1880 it was removed, to make room for 




Weishampel^s J^aUimore Guide. 8^ 

the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Some year ago a tract of 
land was bought near Oatonsville and a new and com- 
modions granite building was erected, at a cost of about 
1400,000 appropriated by the State. To this building 
the corporation of the old Maryland Hospital was at- 
tached, and under new and improved surroundings forms 
one of the landmarks of a humane civilization. The 
medical attendance is of the best. Access may be had 
by the Oatonsville railway. For enquiries, address the 
faculty. 

AGED WOMEN'S HOME, 

AND 

AGED MEN'S HOME. 
Two separate buildings on the 
corner of Fayette and Calhoun 
sts., Franklin Square. These in- 
stitutions are designed to supply 
comfortable homes to a limited 
_ number of persons at a moderate 

HIBERNIAN SOCIETY. 
Formed in 1810, for the purpose of affording relief to needy 
Irish emigrants. Incorporated in 1818. Under the direction of 
this Society is the Oliver Hibernian Free School, founded and en- 
dowed by the late John Oliver. 



There are many other distinctively humane and beneficial So- 
cieties, which for want of room we cannot describe. We name 
some of them. 

Boys' Home— 82 N. Calvert. 

Charity Organization Society — Room 12 Wilson Building. 

Female Christian Home — 416 N. Greene. 

German Orphan Asylum — Aisquith near Orleans. 

General German Aged People's Home— Baltimore and Payson. 

Girls' Home— 327 N. Calvert. 

Hebrew Orphan Asylum — Calverton Heights, 

Home for Boys — Druid Hill Av. and Townsend, 

Hospital Relief Association of Maryland — 325 Park Ave. 

Home for Incurables — Guilford Avenue and Second St. 

House of the Good Shepherd — Mount and Hollins. 

Home for the Aged (M. E. Church) — Fulton ave. and Franklin, 

Indigent Sick Society — Meets at 113 N. Charles. 

Johns Hopkins Colored Orphan Asylum— 517 W. Biddle. 

Kelso Home, for Orphans of M. E. Cliurch- 1017 E. Baltimore. 



B4 Weishampers Baltimore duicle. 

Little Sisters of t^e Poor — Preston and Valley. 

Shelter for Aged and Infirm Colored persons— 515 W. Biddle. 

Society for Protection of Children— 408 Courtland. 

St. Mary's Female Orphan Asylum— 111 W. Franklin. 

St. Joseph's House of Industry— Carey and Lexington. 

St. Mary's Home for Colored Boys— 237 W. Biddle. 

St. Patrick's Orphan Asylum— 1707 Gough. 

St. Vincent's Infant Asylum — Townscnd and Division. 

St. Vincent de Paul Orphan Asylum— 112 N. Front. 

St, James Home for Boys — High and Low. 

Thos. Wilson Fuel Saving Society— Office, 301 N. Charles. 

Young Women's Christian Association— 221 N. Liberty. 



HOSPITALS, INFIRMARIES AND DISPENSARIES. 

Eye, Ear and Tliroat Hospital, 625 W. Franklin. 

Baltimore University, 35 N. Bond. 

Church Home and Infirmary, Broadway near Fairmount Ave. 

City Hospital, Calvert and Saratoga. 

City Hospital for the Insane, Eastern Ave. ext. 

Hebrew Asylum for the Sick, Monument and Ann. 

Hospital for Women of Maryland, 150 W. Townsend. 

Hospital Good Samaritan, 1501 McCulloh Office 301 N. Charles. 

Maryland General Hospital, 809 Linden Ave. 

Maryland Hospital for the Insane, Office, 120 E.Lexington. 

Maryland Women's Hospital, 112 E. Saratoga. 

Maternite, (Lying-in Asylum), 113 W. Lombard. 

Nursery and Child's Hospital, Schrocder cor. Franklin. 

Presl)yterian Eye, Ear, Throat Charity Hospital, 1007 E. Balto. 

St. Agnes' Hospital. Maiden Choice Road, Carrollton. 

St. Joseph General Hospital, Caroline and Hoffman. 

St. Vincent Hospital, Wilkens Ave. near Maiden Choice Road. 

United States, Hosp. (Marine), Remington Ave. near Railroad. 

University Hospital, Lombard and Greene. 

University of Maryland, Dental Dept., Lombard and Greene. 

Univ'ersity of Md., School of Medicine, Lombard and Greene. 

Woman's Medical College, 510 N. Eutaw. 



85 



WeisliampeV s BaUimore Guide. 

^l^CELLANEOU^ |jS?TlTUT10N^. 




YOUNG xMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. 
Young Men's Christian Associations had their origin in Lon- 
don, En|land, in 1841, through the efforts of a young man named 
George W illiams. He was one of eighty clerks in a large estab- 
nsln?ent and as a christian, saw his opportunty for useful nes^^^ 
Through his example and entreaties ^^j^^ ^^ ^,^%ff ^^^^^"^^^^^^^^ 
becami christians, and in their ^"^I^^^^^^I^^f.^^^^if^^^^ 
others. A small society was formed June ^•- ^^^t ' FnLlLd^to 
greatly blessed. Thence the good work ^P^^^^ over England to 
America. The first similar society here was organized in Mon- 



86 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

treal, in 1851. Others were begun in New York, Baltimore and 
all our chief cities and towns, until now they number over eight 
hundred. 

The Baltimore Y. M. C. A. has accomplished much good. Its 
primary object is to gather young men, both resident and stran- 
gers, for the purpose of religious instruction ; incidental to this, 
it seeks to provide employment for the destitute, afford rational 
amusement during hours of relaxation, and generally to counter- 
act the temptations and troubles to which young men areexposed, 
especially in a large city. Within the past few years a number of 
liberal citizens have contributed large sums to provide a building 
for the headquarters of this Association, which has been erected 
on the eminence corner of Charles and Saratoga sts., and is one 
of the most prominent edifices in the city. It has a frontage of 
130 feet on Charles street and 189 feet on Saratoga street. It has 
suites of library, office and committee rooms, a grand audience 
chamber, gymnasiums, etc. We invite every citizen and stranger 
to visit this Hall and aid or participate in the benevolent objects 
of the Association. 

MASONIC HALL. 

The Masonic Orders have a large and influential membership, 
with many lodges in the City and State. The Grand Lodge of 
Maryland was formed by a deputation from the several lodges of 
Ancient York Masons in Maryland, at Talbot Court House, 
April 7, 1787. A Hall was built on St. ■ Paul St. in 1822, which 
was used as a meeting place for the City lodges until 1870, when 
the present large Temple was erected on Charles St., at a cost of 
$400,000. It is adapted to the requirements of the fraternity, and 
contains also one of the largest and finest halls in the city for 
public concerts, lectures and festivities. 

JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY. 

Johns Hopkins, a merchant of Baltimore, and a member of the 
Society of Friends, who died Dec. 24, 1878, aged 79 years, left a 
fortune in stocks, land, &c , of about ten millions of dollars — 
$3,500,000 of which he devised for a University, a like sum for a 
Hospital, and other sums to special charities and relatives. These 
trusts were committed to a selection of responsible persons to ful- 
fill. The above named sum is the largest ever bequeathed in 
this country by any one person for the endowment of an institu- 
tion. The University was organized in 1876, and is now advan- 
cing to a foremost position among the great educational institu- 
tions of this country. Its scope is wide, comprehending every 
department of science and philosophy, "including some elsewhere 
neglected," and "the most liberal promotion of all useful knowl- 
edge." It is located in commodious buildings on Howard street, 
opposite Centre, where the public are admitted, at times, to Lec- 
tures on special topics, and to the Library, which now numbers 
15,000 volumes. The corps of Professors comprises men of 
distinguished reputation. 



WeishampeVs BaUi?}iore Guide. 



87 




PEABODY INSTITUTE. 

The name of George Peabody has be- 
come familiar as that of a benefactor of 
his race. He was born in Massachu- 
setts, but resided for many years in 
Baltimore, where he rose to fortune in 
a mercantile business. He then re- 
moved to London, England, and ac- 
quired reputation as a banker. PIe.de- 
voted his wealth largely to humane 
purposes during his lifetime. His na- 
tive place received much from his hands, 
and the deserving poor of London have 
cause for gratitude to his provident 
wisdom in the construction of good 
homes at low rents. But what brings 
OEOEGB PEABODT. hi? name into daily mention in our 

City, is that, in addition to liis splendid endowment for Educa- 
tion in the Southern States, he founded the Institute bearing his 
name. In 1857, he presented the sum of |1,240,000 for the pur- 
pose of establishing this institution, to foster Art, Science and 
General Knowledge by means of a Free Library of rare^books, a 
Gallery of Art, Schools of Drawing, Painting and Music, and an 
Annual Course of Lectures. Noble buildings of marble and 
brick have been erected at Mt. Vernon Place, comprising all the 
departments for this grand design. The Institute was founded in 
1865, and is now fully entered upon its career. 

The Library Hall has space for 
300,000 volumes. At this time it _^^^f___ 
contains 75,000 rare and valuable i^Pil a ilrijl i^iJ t'if iBi-^re 'W 
works, to be increased annually, ||W^fflM|*|g|M V 
comprising all branches of know- ^: |¥ST|ffl Irfllli'l 1'FIM ' ' 
ledge, science, art, antiquities, ^fl^^^'fe:fe2i^^gi£;^^^%:i,, 

history, travels, heraldry, poetry, ^ -•- — "^^-^ — ''"'^''^^^^ 

religion, law, medicine, biography, philosophy, etc. The library 
is for reference only, therefore no books may be taken from the 
room. Open free, daily from 9 a.m. to 9 p. m. 

The Art Galleries are spacious, containing many objects of in- 
terest, among which we name casts of the celebrated Frieze of 
the Parthenon, 260 feet in length and 3 feet 4 inches wide, being 
all thatis preserved of this the largest single piece of sculpture re- 
maining from antiquity. It represents a Grecian;j*festival,i com- 
prising hundreds of figures in relief. It was copied from the El- 
gin marbles in the British Museum. There are numerous statues 
from the antique, Rinehart's statues of "Clytie," and Chief Jus- 
tice Taney, a bronze copy of the Ghiberti gates of the Baptistery 
at Florence, Michael Angelo's David, busts, paintings, etc. Free 
to visitors. 



a^Ok-^i,- 



Baltimore Guide. 




state Normal School. 
STATE NORMAL AND PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

The "State Normal School" is intended for the instruction of 
Teachers. Tlie elegunt building erected by the State for this use, 
is located at Lafayette Square. It cost $150,000. 

Our Public Schools were originated in 1829, and now number 
130 of all grades. Many of the school buildings are ornamental, 
noticeably the Female High Schools and the "Baltimore City 
College" for boys. The latter is a grand edifice of brick and 
marble, costing $100,000 on Howard St., near Centre. Our free 
educational system costs the State about $600,000 a year. 



Weishampet' s Baltimore Guide. 



89 




MARYLAND INSTITUTE. 

This building was erected by the members of the "Maryland 
Institute for the Promotion of the Mechanic Arts." It is built 
over the Centre Market, and is 855 feet long by 60 wide. For 
many years the main hall has been used for fairs, conventions 
lectures, &c., 6,000 people sometimes assembling within. Total 
cost, $100,000. Completed in 1854. The Society carries on its 
work through Art School, Library, Lectures, and occasional ex- 
hibitions of mechanical and industrial pursuits. 

CHAMBBll OF COMMERCE. 

The Corn and Flour Exchange was organized in 1853, and oc- 
cupied a building on Bowly's wharf for several years. In 1882, 
the handsome structure on HoUiday and Second Sts. was erected. 
It is of granite, brick and iron, four stories high and very com- 
modious. It is the centre of a large traffic in grain, etc. 



THE ATHEN^UM. 

This new building, on the corner of Charles and Saratoga Sts., 
contains the appurtenances of the Mercantile Library Association 
and the Historical Society and the Maryland Academy of Science. 
The Maryland Historical Society has in possession about 5,000 
volumes on the history of States and Cities, biographies, etc., in- 
cluding over 300 volumes of newspapers, some of the earliest is- 
sued in Maryland, with hundreds of rare manuscripts, paintings, 
drawings, maps, coins, medals, &c. Among the portraits are 
those of Jerome Bonaparte and Miss Patterson and other celebra- 
ted characters. 



90 



WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide, 



ODD FELLOWS. 

This Order, of English origin 
which had its first beginning in 
the United States, in this city, in 
1819, now numbers thousands of 
members and numerous Lodges. 
Thos. Wildey, the founder, lived 
and died here, and a monument 
^to his memory is erected on 
"" Broadway. The Hall on Gay 
street is an extensive building with a massive tower. It contains 
all the rooms and paraphernalia necessary to the Order, also a 
fine library of many thousands of volumes, and a grand saloon 
in which levees and other public meetings are held. 





THE CENTENARY BIBLICAL INSTITUTE. 

This admirable Institution for the promotion of education 
among the Colored race, is located on the corner of Fulton and 
Edmondson avenues, with a in-anch Prepaiatory Scliool in the 
building No. 105 Saratoga street, and another Branch School at 
Princess Anne.Md. This was founded in 18G7, and has "grown 
from a class of nine with one instructor,into a thoroughly equipped 
Theological, Classical and Normal School, with eleven competent 
instructors, and over 250 students. A large number of graduates 
are preaching and teaching with marked acceptability. Four 
of them are members of the Faculty. The Institute has a 
library of over 1,000 volumes, a museum containing numerous 
and very interesting specimens, and also a laboratory with con- 
siderable apparatus, and all the buildings are furnished with 
modern school appliances. The entire property is valued at 
about $50,000, one-half of which sum has been contributed by 



Weishampet's Baltimore Guide. 91 

Kev. John F. Goucher, D. D. The expense of conducting the 
schools is about $10,000 a year, which is chiefly contributed by 
the churches and liberal citizens. Strangers will find this ben- 
evolent Institution well worth a visit, as it furnishes an agreeable 
surprise to all who first view its handsome main structure and 
internal work. 




ENOCH PRATT FREE LIBRARY. 
In 1882, Mr. Enoch Pratt, a merchant of Baltimore, gave to the 
city nearly a million of dollars on conditions which were subse- 
quently complied with, to secure an annuity for the maintenance 
of a Free Library. The necessary legislation, as well as the vote 
of the citizens of Baltimore, ratified the designs of the founder. 
Mr. Pratt appointed trustees to manage the library. He built a 
marble home for the library on Mulberry street, near Cathedral 
street, 81 by 140 feet, intended to be thoroughly fire-proof The 
style of architecture is Romanesque. A tower 98 feet high rises 
from the centre of the facade. The front is lighted by large win- 
dows and ornamented with allegorical sculpture. The building 
has room for 200,000 books and 250 readers at a time. Mr. Pratt 
has alsocx'ected four branch libraries in other parts of the city. 



92 WeishampeVs Baltimore (ruide, 

CITY HALL. 

The City Hall was founded Nov. 11, 1866, and finished in 1875. 
Architect, G. A. Frederick. The ground and old buildings cost 
f 137,237, the total expense of the building was |2,271,000. 

It occupies an entire block, bounded by Holliday, North, Lex- 
ington and Fayette streets, length 225 feet, breadth 140 feet. 
The space covered by the building is 29,000 square feet. The 
edifice is on the Rennaissance style of architecture, well broken 
and relieved. 

The plan consists of a centre wing four stories high, with man- 
sard roofs. The exterior fronts are faced with Baltimore county 
marble. The design is well divided and elaborated, relieved by 
projecting pilasters, columns and arches to the windows, which, 
with cornice, balustrades and parapet, making the diff'erent sto- 
ries, give an eSect of magnificence to the whole. 

The centre wing is surmounted by an iron dome and lantern, 
on a base of marble. The extreme height of the dome from the 
ground to the finial is 260 ft.; it has a circumference of 170 ft., and 
is divided by Corinthian columns and arched windows ; 650 tons 
of iron were required in its construction. About 250 feet above 
ground, at ihe base of the lantern, a projecting balcony ofi'ers a 
view of the city wliicn well repays the toil of mounting the stairs 
which lead to it. Located in a central , depressed part of the city, 
there is scarcely any point from which the dome of the City Hall 
cannot be seen. 

At the base of the dome there is a clock, five 'feet six inches in 
diameter. Every department in the building is furnished with 
clock dials, and all are worked by electricity from the dome 
clock. Ill the lantern, hangs "Big t5am," the town bell, weighing 
5,000 pounds, cast by Joshua Register, ofBaltimore, which strikes 
the hours and the alarm of fire by electricity. 

The stories are in height as follows : cellar, 10-^ feet ; basement, 
15 feet ; first story, 20^ feet; second story, 20i ; council chambers 
and large hall 35 feet. Four commodious stairways are located 
on each floor, on spacious and marble-tiled corridors. Each 
room is well lighted, heated by hot water, and ventilated by 
ducts. Each department is furnished with private dressing 
rooms and all modern conveniences, besides the liberal arrange- 
ments made for the public. 

Although a strictly fire-proof building, each department is fur- 
nished with secure vaults of large dimensions, lined with iron 
and steel. 

The building concentrates within itself all the municipal ofiices 
of the city. In the basement are the departments of the Water 
Board, Board of Health, City Commissioners, Inspectors of Build- 
ings and Gas, City Fire and Alarm Telegraph, Port Warden, and 
Board of Police. 

On the first principal story are the Governor's Rooms, the May- 
or's Department, City Register, Finance Board, City Comptroller, 
Tax Department, City Counselor, Commissioners of Parks, Har- 
bor, Public Schools, &c. 



WeishanipeVs Baltimore Guide, 93 

A magnificent Armory Room extends the entire length of the 
Lexington street front. Upon the occasion of military visits or 
for municipal or State receptions, this apartment is found 
specially available ; it is 35 feet high, 42 feet wide, and 140 feet 
long. 

On the second principal story are the First and Second Branch 
City Council Chambers, each 42 feet square, and 85 feet in height. 
These are furnished in the most elaoorate manner in hard wood, 
with Corinthian pilasters, crowned by rich, fine gilt caps, sur- 
mounted by an elegant entablature, and decorated ceilings. On 
this fioor are also the various Committee Rooms in connection 
with the Councils and Ciiy J^ibrary. The mansard rooms are 
used for the storage of Municipal Records, wliich liave accumu- 
lated since 1797. There is a door on each side of the HmII, the 
principal entrance being on lloliiday St., by a marble portico, 
with colunms and capitals in the composite style. The entrance 
door is of bronze. 



NEW POST OFFICE. 

This edifice, erected by the United States Government, is a 
handsome ornament to the City, and forms one of the cluster of 
picturesque buildings in the centre of our business mart. Its lo- 
cation is on a square of ground between the Battle Monument 
and the City Hall. The site cost $500,000. The building is on 
the Rennaissance style, of great height and breadth, and comprises 
ample accommodations for all tie necessities of a large post office, 
besides rooms for other departments of U.S. service. The total 
cost of the building and lot is over a million of dollars. 

PIMLICO FAIR GROUNDS AND RACE COURSE. 
These Grounds are located aboutfive miles northwest of the City 
Hall, on high ground, 427 feet above tide, and reached by the 
Western Maryland Railway, during the season of exhibition and 
races. 



94 WeishanqJcV s Baltimore Guide. 

THE DRY DOCK. 

The Dry Dock adjoins the parade grounds of Fort McHenry, 
on the north side. It is the next object of interest after passing 
the largest elevator. It is 473 feet long and 123 feet wide, built 
in a durable manner. All the requisite machine shops are on the 
grounds, for the repair of any vessel entering our port. 

PENITENTIARY AND JAIL. 
The Penitentiary is an old building, located on Madison street, 
near the Falls. Adjoining is the City Jail, a castellated structure 
of granite and marble, 400 feet long, and containing 300 cells. 

RAILROAD TUNNELS. 
The Tunnel of the Baltimore and Potomac Railro id is 1^ miles 
long, under the northwestern bed of the City. It is laid with 
double tracks, required 1,250,000 cubic feet of masonry, 15,000,000 
bricks, and cost $2,300,000. The Union Railroad Tunnel, under 
the northeastern section, is half a mile long, and with the road 
(which is a connection between the great lines) cost $2,000,000. 

RAILROAD DEPOTS. 
Baltimore & Ohio and Washington — Camden st. near Eutaw. 
Northern Central — Calvert and Franklin sts. 
Baltimore and Potomac — Calvert Station and Penna. Ave. 
Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore — President st. 
Western Maryland — Hillen st., and Fulton Station. 
Drum Point— West and Ridgely sts. 
Maryland Central— North ave. and Oak st. 

UNION RAILROAD DEPOT. 

Connects with all the principal lines, located on North Charles 
St., near North Avenue, and occupying a great extent along the 
Fails. Entrance to the station is from Charles St. Travelers to 
New York, Pennsylvania or Washington may go from this point. 
See daily papers for special information. 

THE CITY PASSENGER CARS 
Run through all our principal thoroughfares, to all the parks, 
vv;i.ter- works, churches, markets, monuments and other ob- 
jects of interest. Fare five cents. City cars also run to Catons- 
ville, Towson and other suburban localities. Information of 
the routes may be had of any citizen or policeman. 

LOCUST POINT. 
This has long been known as a large shipping depot. The loca- 
tion has recently assumed increased importance. The Baltimore 
and Ohio Railroad has established its terminus here, connecting 
with the Philadelphia and New York lines. 

BANKS. — There are about thirty -five Banks, besides an equal 
number of private banking offices, open for business every day 
except Sunday, between 9 and 3 o'clock. 



Weisham2)eVs Baltimore Guide. 



95 




Sun OflQce. 
LITERA.TUIIE AND NEWSPAPERS. 

Baltimore does not claim Athenaic eminence, 
but has never received that meed of just consid- 
eration as a literary community to which she 
is entitled ; one reason of several being, thatfor- 
tuitous circumstances early developed the print- 
ing press more rapidly in our Northern cities and 
gave to them advantages as literary centres over 
all competitors. Nevertheless, our City and 
State have always abounded with cultured 
writers, who as novelists, poets, essayists, editors, 
playwrights, lawyers and statesmen, have embel- 
lished much literature issued both here and else- 
where, and acquired a national reputation. The 
choicest as well as the lightest reading of the world has always 
met with a proportionate sale in our midst. There have been 
many books published in this city, covering law, science, mediciue, 
theology- and fiction. Numerous periodicals and papers have 




96 WeishampeVs Baltimore Guide. 

appeared, flourished and perished, during the lapse of the century. 
On the shelves of theHistorical Society will be found hundredsof 
volumes of nevvspapers. Niles' Register, the most popular, begun 
in 1811, continued for forty years, and is now hoarded in libraries 
as a valuable chronicleof contemporaneous history. Of the daily 
press, there are two notable exceptions of longevity: The Bal- 
timore Ameuican, founded in 1773, and The Sun, founded in 
1837 ; both dailies are now flourishing with remarkable success, 
and occupy on opposite corners, the finest newspaper establish- 
ments in the city. The other principal dailies at this writing, 




^eishampeVs Baltwiore Guide. 97 

are the German Correspondent, Journal, News and Herald. The 
principal weekly journals are the American, Sun, Labor Free 
Press, Every Saturday, Telegram, Baltimorean, Wecker, Herald, 
Methodist, Baltimore Baptist, Episcopal Methodist, Presbyterian 
Observer, Catholic Mirror, and many other denominational and 
Trade journals. 

MARKETS. 

Our Markets are well known as stocked with every variety of 
produce and garden stuff, meats and game, from all parts, 
at prices as low as anywhere in the country. Horned cattle, 
sheep, hogs, poultry, butter and bacon come from the West ; pota- 
toes, butter, apples and ice come from the North; milk, butter, 
eggs a ad farm produce from our own State ; melons from south- 
ward, peaches from New Jersey and Maryland, early vegetables 
from Virginia and North Carolina, and tropical fruit from Cuba 
and Florida. Fish are abundant all the year — the most common 
are herring, perch, trout, taylor, (blue fish,) pike, mackerel, shad, 
sturgeon, halibut, eels, lobsters, turtles, crabs and oysters. 

Tlie market houses are located as follows: Belair — Forrest, from 
Hillen to Orleans. Canton — O'Donnell, from Potomac to Patux- 
ent. Centre — Harrison St., from Baltimore to Pratt. Cross St. — 
From Light to Charles, between Cross and West. Fell's Point- 
Broadway, from Canton ave. to Thames. Hanover — Hanover 
and Camden. HoUins— Carroll ton to Oregon. LaFayette — Cook, 
from Penna. ave. to Fremont. Lexington— Lexington, from 
Eutaw to Pearl. Northeastern — Chester, from Monument to 
McElderry. Richmond— Howard, from Armory Place to Biddle. 

THEATRES. 

HOLLIDAY ST. THEATRE— First erected of wood, in 1784, 
re-erected of brick in 1814 ; burnt down, Sept. 10, 1873, at 3 o'clk 
a.m.; rebuilt, and is now open in season. Location, opposite 
the City Hall. 

ACADEMY OF MUSIC— On Ho ward st, near Centre. Alarge 
first-class Opera House, costing $400,000. 

FORD'S GRAND OPERA HOUSE— Fayette near Eutaw. 

CONCORDIA— Opera and German Club House, Eutaw and 
German. 

FRONT— Front st., south of Gay. 

Besides the above, are other places of am.usement. Lectures 
Concerts, Panoramas, Fairs, are held in the American Institute 
Masonic Temple, Peabody Institute, &c., &c. 

BOARDING AND LODGING HOUSES. 
There are innumerable restaurants and boarding houses, at all 
rates of cost, the character of which strangers can ascertain from 
respectable citizens or the police, who will always furnish infor- 
mation to enquirers. 







Carrollton Hotel. 
HOTELS. 
We name some of the principal ones only: Barnum's — Calvert 
and Fayette Sts. Carrollton — Light and Baltimore Sts. Eutaw 
House— Eutaw and Baltimore Sts. Mt. Vernon — Monument St. 
near Park. St.. James— Charles and Centre Sts. Hotel Rennert — 
Liberty and Saratoga. Altamont — Eutaw Place. Guy's — 108 N. 
Calvert. Gen'l Wayne — Paca and Baltimore Sts. Howard 
House — Howard St., near Bait. Maltby — Pratt St., near Charles. 
Mansion — Fayette and St. Paul Sts. 




100 



WeishampeV s Bal/iiifore Guide. 




Fi.st Congregatioaal Church. 

MISCELLAKEOUS. 

Calverton Cattle Yards, on the Bait, and Potomac R. T?., oc- 
cupy a tract on the west side of the City reaching from W. Balti- 
more St. to Franklin road, along a branch of Gwynn's Falls. 
Hotels, offices, pens, &c . afford facilities for a large traffic. 

Claremont Stock Yards, at the S. W. end of the City, along 
Gwynn's Falls, on the B. &. O. R. R. It comprises forty acres, 
with stables, pens, &c., to accommodate 4,000 head of cattle, 7,500 
hogs and 10,000 sheep. 

Custom House — Gay and Lombard. 

Merchant's Exchange — Lombard, near Gay. 

Mount Clare Depot is the chief department of construction and 
repairs of the B. &. O. R. R., in which as many as 2,500 hands are 
sometimes employed. It covers a large space south of Pratt St., 
beginning at Poppleton. 

The Northern Central Depot is along Jones' Falls, between Mt. 
Royal Reservoir and the Park. 

There are other public institutions, too numerous to particularize 
in a general and rapid survey as this. For business houses, con- 
suls, steamship lines, city officials, courts, etc., etc., see the City 
Directory, issued every year and to be seen in hotels and the 
stores generally. 



[ COPYRIGHT.] 



"West. 



Principal Streets running Noi ih and South. 
NOP^TH AVET^UE, 



East. 



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08 



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SOCrH BALTIMORE 



EXPLANATION.— Charles Street divides the Citv into East ard Wrst. We 
give the leading Streets running parallel \\'A\\ it. G(dng Wast or going East, the 
numbers begin with Charles. (See 2nd page of cover.) 



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